Упражнение 34. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод предлогов.

1. Static seals, such as O-rings and gaskets, provide sealing between surfaces which do not move relative to each other. 2. The portland cement and water form a paste that hardens as a result of a chemical reaction between the cement and water. 3. The relationship between the normalized incremental resistance and the strain is generally known as the piezoresistive effect. 4. Consider a comparison of the net effect between operating pumps in series or operating the same two pumps in parallel. 5. This provides a convenient numerical comparison between two competing designs. 6. Among the major suppliers the vast majority of industrial robots uses digital servo-controlled electrical motor drives. 7. Thermal errors are among the most difficult to predict and control. 8. Upon receiving the design model, the system is able to generate the required operations and operation sequence for the component. 9. Upon acceptance of an assignment, the target address flashes green.

Союзные слова

В научно-технической литературе часто встречаются союзные слова, выражаемые местоимениями в сочетании с усилительной частицей ever. Как правило, все сочетания с ever переводятся соответствующим русским словом с добавлением “бы ни”:

whoever	кто бы ни
wherever	где бы ни
whenever	когда бы ни; всякий раз, когда
whatever	что бы ни; какой бы ни; любой
however	как бы ни; однако
whichever	какой бы ни; независимо от того; который
whereas	тогда как; несмотря на то, что

Например:

Whenever the reaction rate changes the temperature changes accordingly.	Когда бы ни изменялась скорость реакции, соответственным образом изменяется температура.
Whoever signed the agreement the problem is how to reduce the cost of production.	Независимо от того, кто подписал договор, проблема заключается в том, как сократить издержки производства.

Упражнение 35. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод союзов и союзных слов.

1. However, their flat surfaces were at right angles to each other. 2. Whereas upon examination the goods were found to be defective, we are now claiming damages. 3. Whenever you see an ellipse (…) after a menu option, selecting that option causes a dialog box to appear. 4. Wherever loading or unloading the goods takes place it is necessary to comply with the marks showing the way the goods are to be handled. 5. The data points in Fig. l show the actual experimental scatter among the materials. 6. Increasing test temperature to 500°F produces ductility values which are essentially identical between annealed and sensitized material. 7. Note especially a large discrepancy between mean lifetime and probability of failure in a few years. 8. Russia and the United States, account for 90 percent of the world’s nuclear arsenal between them.