- •The category of mood
- •1. The Indicative Mood.
- •2. The Imperative Mood.
- •3. The Subjunctive Mood
- •The subjunctive mood
- •The Present Subjunctive
- •The use of the subjunctive mood simple sentences
- •4. In some set expressions:
- •Complex sentences
- •1. The subjunctive mood in conditional sentences
- •If I can; If I have time; If you like; If you want (to).
- •In Second and Third Conditional Sentences the modal verbs could and might can be used.
- •Conditional Sentences:
- •Mixed types of sentences of unreal condition
- •Sentences with implied condition
- •Sentences of problematic condition
- •Inversion omission of "if"
- •Conditional sentences (conjunctions)
- •If, unless, in case/just in case, provided (that), providing (that), suppose (that), supposing (that), on condition (that), as long as/so long as, even if, only if, what if.
- •2. The subjunctive mood in object clauses
- •1. Expressing preferences with ‘would rather’ and ‘would sooner’
- •In negative responses, we can omit the infinitive:
- •I would prefer someone to do something.
- •1. Such sentences have a similar meaning to Second Conditional Sentences:
- •2. Such sentences have a similar meaning to Third Conditional Sentences:
- •I'd rather ski than skate.
- •2. Expressing preferences with ‘I prefer’ and ‘I would prefer’
- •4. Would like/would love/would hate. (We use these verbs to make specific offers, requests etc.)
- •5) Compare:
- •3. The subjunctive mood in attributive clauses after the Principal Clause : It is time, It is high time
- •4. The subjunctive mood in adverbial clauses of comparison (or manner)
- •5. The subjunctive mood in predicative clauses
- •6. The subjunctive mood in subject clauses.
- •7. The subjunctive mood in attributive appositive clauses
- •8. The subjunctive mood in adverbial clauses of purpose
- •9. The subjunctive mood in adverbial clauses of concession/concessive clauses.
- •10. The subjunctive mood in adverbial clauses of time and place.
- •11. ‘Emotional should’
- •I. ‘emotional should’ subject clauses.
- •II. ‘emotional should’ object clauses.
- •III. The subjunctive mood with the ‘emotional should’ may also occur in such sentences:
- •5. Note that in sentences of this kind the Indicatives Mood can also be used.
- •12. Indirect speech
- •The use of the subjunctive mood
- •1. Conditional sentences.
- •I wish ...; I wished ...; He wishes ...; They wished ...; You will wish ... .
- •It’s time / It’s high time
- •She were enjoying it she had hurt her leg she didn’t want to come he hadn’t eaten for a week he meant what he was saying
- •Nothing like a good story
- •It’s time / it’s high time
- •Сослагательное наклонение
- •634041, Томск, ул. Герцена, 49. Тел.(3822) 52-12-93.
6. The subjunctive mood in subject clauses.
The Subjunctive Mood is used in subject clauses after a principle clause of the type: It is necessary; It is important, etc. The principal clause expresses: necessity, recommendation, suggestion, advice, order, decision, etc.
The action of the subject clause follows that of the principal clause; therefore ‘should’ is never used with the perfect infinitive. The action of the subject clause is considered problematic.
The subject subordinate clause is usually introduced by the conjunction that.
We use: the form should + Infinitive (i.e. the analytical subjunctive with the mood auxiliary should for all persons)
or the Present Subjunctive (i.e. the same form as the Infinitive without the particle to)
It is It was It will be |
necessary необходимый, требуемый essential важнейший; необходимый; основной obligatory непременный, обязательный advisable желательный, (благо)разумный, целесообразный desirable желательный better (best) imperative настоятельный, срочный; обязательный important right правильный; верный; справедливый urgent срочный, неотложный, крайне необходимый vital (жизненно) важный, насущный, существенный; необходимый of vital importance первостепенной важности, актуальный arranged договариваться, сговариваться, уславливаться agreed согласованный; установленный, решённый (по обоюдному согласию) decided решенный; бесспорный, несомненный demanded требовать, потребовать ordered requested просить, предлагать, вежливо приказывать, предписывать required приказывать, требовать/необходимый; обязательный recommended settled решенный; установленный; согласованный; улаженный suggested предложенный |
that |
he should come.
you should arrive before six.
he come.
you arrive before six.
|
The rules of the sequence of tenses are not observed.
It is necessary at times that certain people be encouraged/should be encouraged. Временами необходимо, чтобы некоторых людей поддерживали/ободряли.
It was desirable that she marry/should marry this well-to do and respectable man. Было желательно, чтобы она вышла замуж за этого состоятельного и солидного человека.
It is imperative that no concessions be/should be made. Совершенно необходимо не делать никаких уступок.
It is important that he act/should act now. Ему важно действовать сейчас.
It was arranged that we spend/should spend our holiday in the South.
It was advisable that they leave/should leave immediately. Было разумно /целесообразно / желательно им уехать немедленно.
It is urgent that they all be/should be present. Крайне необходимо, чтобы все присутствовали.
It is arranged that they be seated/should be seated next to each other. Есть договоренность, что они будут сидеть рядом.
It is arranged that she look/should look after the children. Есть договоренность, что она присмотрит за детьми.
It was suggested that I join/should join them. Мне предложили присоединиться к ним.
It was suggested that he inform/should inform the police.
It is recommended that he consult/should consult a doctor. Ему порекомендовали обратиться к врачу.