Implicit [im'plIsit] – 1. Подразумеваемый; не выраженный прямо; внутренне присущий 2. Безоговорочный, полный

support – поддержка, помощь

to get/to obtain support – получать поддержку

to get no support – не получать поддержки

to enlist/ to drum up somebody’ s support – заручиться поддержкой

to give/to lend/to render support to somebody – оказывать поддержку кому-либо

to command the widest support – располагать самой широкой поддержкой

to alienate support – прекратить поддержку

to bank on somebody’ s support – расчитывать на чью-либо поддержку, помощь

to seek support – искать поддержку

to require somebody’ s support – нуждаться в чьей-либо поддержке

to rally support for something – объединиться в поддержку

to sap support for something – ослаблять поддержку чего-либо

to speak in support of something – выступать в поддержку чего-либо

to voice one’s support – высказаться в поддержку

updated strategy – обновленная стратегия

organizational structure – организационная структура

Exercise 1. Give Russian equivalents for the following:

to approve a proposal by the Board and by the members; to bring about other important issues; transparency and corporate governance; not to be fully reflected in organizational frameworks; to represent member-countries with one voting member for each country; the enlargement of the EU; to propose to have delegates from the Committees in the Executive Board; the driving force of the association; to be represented in the Executive Board by the heads of Committees; to focus on fulfilling the needs of our members; our major aim is to support our member -companies in any respect of their business; to go hand in hand with; to improve the trade and business environments through lobbying and information network activities; to promote the liberalization of trade and industry in conformity with internationally accepted norms; to contribute to the implementation of the EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement to the achievement of the accession of Russia to the World Trade Organization and to the creation of Common European Economic Space between Russia and the EU; the structure of the AEB includes executive and advisory bodies; to become the Association of European Businesses (AEB) upon registration of its new charter; the strategy details the AEB’ s principal areas of activity

Exercise 2. Bear in mind the following information on report writing then make up a report of your own on the base of the above-mentioned text:

Report writing

As far as the format (= the general arrangement, plan, design  ) of reports is concerned it is obvious that standardized forms are very helpful. They allow the writer to focus on the details needed and allow readers to scan the data. The right format of a report is of paramount importance since it provides better and quicker understanding. It should be written schematically, divided into sections and subsections which are numbered systematically. Generous use of space and signaling will make a report more readable. In order that your reader can make sense of what you have written follow the "Golden Rules": be accurate, be brief, be clear.

The following format is common in many report:

1. Title (this should indicate concisely the subject of the report);

2. Introduction (it states what you are reporting on, who commissioned the report, an overview of the problem, possibly methods and sources);

3. Body (this presents the main contents of the report);

4. Conclusion and recommendations (the conclusion says what you think about the facts, how you interpret them); recommendations should only be included if you have been asked to do so;

As far as the language is concerned there are certain recommendations of experts in business communication that students should observe the following rules:

prefer the familiar words to the far-fetched; the concrete word to the abstract; the single word to the circumlocution* ; short word to the long. Sentences should be short and clear. Avoid contracted forms of verbs. Avoid colloquialisms* and idioms. "Should" is a useful auxiliary when making recommendations.

The following phrases are typically used:

Introduction:

The report centers on/focuses on/discusses...

The aim/ purpose of the report is...

This report looks at...

In order to prepare this report I studied/visited/interviewed...

The report was commissioned by..., was compiled from the following sources...

Quoting:

According to X... Y said/mentioned/felt that + reported speech

Generalizing:

In general... On the whole...

Summing up:

In conclusion... To sum up... On balance...

Making a recommendation:

In my opinion/view... I would recommend (+ing).

circumlocution* – the use of many words to say sth that could be said in a few words, especially when one does not wish to speak clearly and directly;

colloquialisms* – words or phrases used in normal conversation but not formal speech or writing : on the blink (= not working properly).The washing-machine's on the blink again.

Exercise 3. Translate what follows using the word combinations below then compare with the English text:

(to begin with, first of all, the second important point, whatever its name would be, my intention is..., to make my proposal clear..., I suggest..., primarily, our major aim is..., in any respect, thus, to go hand in hand with, it goes without saying that…, it was no less encouraging …)

Начну с того, что далее называть нашу организацию клубом было бы неверно, поскольку ныне она насчитывает более 400 членов. Так, прежде всего нам нужно сменить название. Я предлагаю назвать ее Европейской деловой ассоциацией в России (ЕДАР). Но мое мнение должно быть сначала одобрено правлением, а затем и компаниями-членами. В связи с этим возникают две серьезные проблемы, которым в прошлом не уделялось должного внимания, – открытость и корпоративное управление. Прежде всего это означает что любое важное решение нашей организации должно быть одобрено ее Правлением и членами. Второй момент: мы должны признать, что костяком нашего клуба или ассоциации – как бы они ни назывались – является работа комитетов. Однако это не было в полной мере отражено в нашей организационной структуре.

Мое намерение состоит в том, чтобы, помимо двух действующих органов ЕДК – Общего собрания членов и Правления, создать Консультативный совет, представляющий страны-члены, в котором каждая из них имела бы один голос. Таким образом, после расширения ЕС в 2004 году Консультативный совет будет насчитывать 25 членов. Я также предлагаю включить в исполнительный орган нашей организации руководителей его комитетов. Наиболее важные решения будут приниматься на Общем собрании членов. Я убежден, что такое изменение организационной структуры сделает нашу ассоциацию более действенной в достижении ее целей.

Exercise 4. Consult the text and supply:

1. objects for the following verbs: to approve..., to bring about..., to recognize..., to be reflected in..., to represent..., to focus on..., to improve..., to promote..., to contribute to..., to add..., to maintain and enhance..., to adapt to..., to specify..., to receive..., to enhance and intensify..., to share..., to be satisfied with

2. attributes for the following nouns: ... issues, ... governance, ... decision, ... point, ... framework, ... member, the ... Council, the ... Assembly, the ... Board, ... force, .... change, ... aim, ... goal, ... environment, ... norms, ... Space, ... challenge, ... countries, ... officials, ... ministries, ... agencies, ... bodies, ... meetings, ... encouragement, ... support, ... management

c) nouns to go with following adjectives: official..., great..., implicit..., corporate..., state..., driving..., important..., ... point, organizational..., legal..., voting..., major..., strategic..., internationally accepted..., real ..., good working..., high-ranking

Exercise 5. Without translating the extract, give the English equivalents for the italicized words and word combinations and render the paragraph: