- •Практикум по английскому языку Москва
- •Isbn 5-89349-246-3 (Флинта)
- •Предисловие
- •Unit One. The nature of sociology Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text I. What is sociology?
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text II. What is sociological theory? origins of sociology
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit One
- •Unit Two. Methods and techniques of sociological research Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text III. What is scientific method?
- •In Summary: Scientific Method
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text IV. Research designs for collecting data. Ethics of research
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Two
- •Unit Three. Organizing social life: culture Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text V. Development of culture
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text VI. Elements of culture
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Three
- •Unit Four. Socialization Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text VII. The role of socialization. Self-identity and socialization
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text VIII. Socialization and the life cycle. Agents of socialization
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Four
- •Unit Five. Social interaction and social structure. Social control Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text IX. Social interaction and reality. Elements of social structure
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text X. Conformity and obedience. Deviance and crime
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit five
- •Unit Six. Social institutions: the family, the religion Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text XI. The family: universal but varied
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text XII. Religion
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Six
- •Unit Seven. Social institutions: government and politics. The economy Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text XIII. Government and politics
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text XIV. The economy
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Seven
- •Unit Eight. Education as a social institution. Social inequality Looking Ahead
- •Learning Objectives
- •Text XV. Education
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Text XV I. Social inequality
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Comprehension exercises
- •Revision Exercises on Unit Eight
Vocabulary practice
I. Read and translate the text using a dictionaryif necessary.
II. Find in the text English equivalents of the following:
вера (вероучение), по крайней мере, с течением времени, отделиться от, сравниваться с (противопоставляться чему-либо), возникнуть, падение Римской империи, установить, последователь, основатель (основать), пророк, поклониться кому-либо, разнообразие (2), экклесия (верность церкви), вероисповедание (отличное от официальной религии), секта, культ, претендовать (заявлять), взаимно усиливать друг друга, терять власть, не иметь официального признания, отделиться (порвать с), привлекательность, социальная поддержка, несчастье, утешать (успокаивать), бессмысленно, утешение, приводить кого-либо к покорности, тяжелая жизнь, проще говоря, отвлекать чье-либо внимание от земных проблем, обеспечивать стабильность, сохранять неравенство, власть предержащие, бесправные, успехи, уменьшаться (снижаться), несмотря на, руководство, выжить, терять веру в, вечные ценности.
III. Supplythe missing words and word combinations choosing among those given below.
1) Cultural universals are ... found in every culture. 2) Religion is ... such a cultural universal, and religious institutions are ... in all societies. 3) It is difficult to ... with certainty when religions behavior began. 4) Christianity is ... on the life and ... of Jesus Christ. 5) The Orthodox Church is ... with the Roman Church. 6) Although some particular religious faiths ... certain areas and countries of the world, people turn to ... of religions for answers to ... questions of existence. 7) In a society with an ecclesia, the political and religious institutions often act ... and mutually ... each other. 8) Most of us find it difficult to accept ... events of life. 9) Religion ... us to view our personal ... as ... unimportant. 10) Religion offers ... to people by giving them hope of ... happiness in ... . 11) Karl Marx described religion as particularly ... to oppressed peoples. 12) From Marx's perspective, religion ... stability and helps ... social inequality. 13) In ... industrial societies, scientific and technological ... have ... affected all aspects of life. 14) At present, other social institutions maintain ... of religious ... . 15) People ... to be turning to religion as they lose ... in other important institutions of social life. 16) At present, religion continues to be an important ... on human society.
influence, appear, confidence, independence, guidance, contemporary, advances, increasingly, promotes, to maintain, harmful, consolation, eternal, an afterlife, encourages, misfortunes, relatively, stressful, in harmony, reinforce, dominate, a variety, ultimate, contrasted, based, teachings, determine, clearly, evident, general practices.
IV. Studythe following word combinations and use them in sentences of your own:
to belong to, to offer answers to ultimate questions, in the course of time, to come into being, to be recognized, to decline in power, to break away from, to renew smth, to be at odds with, to offer social support, to offer consolation, to look upon smth, to drug smb into submission, to keep smb from doing smth, to reinforce the interests of those in power, to lessen a possibility to do smth, to maintain independence of, to lose confidence in, to be an important influence on.