- •Content
- •Introduction 2
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Translation of Sayings and proverbs from English into Kazakh Sayings and proverbs in English translated into Kazakh
- •Paremiology
- •General
- •Two major classes of Proverbs and Sayings
- •1.(St) “Every cloud has a silver lining”
- •2. (St) Only the grave will straighten the hunchback.
- •Syntactic types of Proverbs and Sayings
- •A Detailed Analysis of Translation
- •The level of the purport of communication
- •The level of identification of situation
- •The level of method of description of the situation
- •The level of syntactic meanings
- •The level of word semantics
- •Conclusion
- •Bibliography
- •Appendix
Translation of Sayings and proverbs from English into Kazakh Sayings and proverbs in English translated into Kazakh
A saying is a short, clever expression that usually contains advice or expresses some obvious truth. Many traditional sayings are still in general use today. Most of the sayings in this section are well known in English, though some of them come from other languages. The meaning or interpretation shown for each saying is believed to be the generally accepted interpretation of the saying, though for some sayings the interpretation may be more subjective than for others.
There are literally thousands of sayings in English (and all languages). The term saying conveys the idea of any expression of wisdom or truth, usually handed down by earlier generations. The origin of a saying is, in most cases, unknown. Many English sayings have come from other languages, and vice versa.
Most sayings are effective thanks to their shortness and directness. They use simple, vivid language, often based on everyday domestic situations, making them easy to understand and remember.
Sayings may be classified under a number of different terms, of which proverb is probably the best known. Other types of saying are adage, maxim, motto, epigram and aphorism, though frankly the distinction between them is often vague:
proverb: a piece of common-sense wisdom expressed in practical, homely terms
(ST) “A stitch in time saves nine”
(TT) «Өнімді іс – ырыс»
(TT) «Минута час бережет»
adage: is a time-honored and widely known saying
(ST) “Where there’s a will, there’s a way”
(TT) «Іздеген мұратына жетеді»
(TT) «Где хотенье, там и умение»
maxim: a general rule of behavior drawn from practical experience
(ST) “Neither here nor there”
(TT) «Анда да жоқ, мында да жоқ»
(TT) «Ни здесь, ни там»
motto: a maxim adopted as a principal of conduct
(ST) “Honesty is the best policy”
(TT) «Шындық – ең жақсы саясат»
(TT) «Честность – лучшая политика»
epigram: is a brief, witty, or satirical statement that often gains effect through paradox
(ST) “The mountain has brought forth a mouse”
(TT) «Айдағаны бес ешкі – ысқырғаны жер жарады»
(TT) «Мучилась гора родами, да родила мышь», «Из пустяков да много шуму»
aphorism: similar to an epigram but more profound rather than witty
(ST) “He is happy that thinks himself so”
(TT) «Өзін бақтыттымын деп санаған – шынымен де бақытты»
(TT) «Счастлив тот, кто считает, что он счастлив»
A proverb (from the Latin proverbium), also called a byword or nayword, is a simple and concrete saying popularly known and repeated, which expresses a truth, based on common sense or the practical experience of humanity. They are often metaphorical. A proverb that describes a basic rule of conduct may also be known as a maxim. If a proverb is distinguished by particularly good phrasing, it may be known as an aphorism.
Proverbs are often borrowed from similar languages and cultures, and sometimes come down to the present through more than one language. Both the Bible (Book of Proverbs) and Medieval Latin have played a considerable role in distributing proverbs across Europe, although almost every culture has examples of its own.