- •Unit II subjects and objects of international law. The aim of international law
- •Lead-in. Brainstorming section:
- •Reading:
- •Read the text, paying attention to the translation of italicized words and word combinations. Answer the check-up questions: part I subjects and objects of international law.
- •Part II the aim of international law
- •Complete the following sentences using the required information from the text above:
- •3. Define if the following sentences are true or false. Use the required information from the text above and correct the false statements:
- •Vocabulary section/ language focus:
- •Study the definitions of the following terms and find examples of its practical use:
- •Fill in the blanks with the prepositions:
- •3. A) Study the use of the phrases with “state” and translate the sentences given below into Ukrainian:
- •4. Complete the definitions of instruments below using words from the box. You may need to consult a dictionary:
- •IV. Grammar focus:
- •Use the verbs in the correct form:
- •Complete the sentences below using the correct form of the verbs in the box:
- •V. Project:
- •3. Match these words with prefixes (1-6) with their definitions (a-f):
- •Employment law
- •2 Match these key terms (1-4) with the examples (a-d).
- •3 Answer these questions.
- •4 Match the words to form collocations as they appear in Reading 1.
- •Reading 2: eu directives on employment eu employment laws mean case bonanza
- •6 Read the whole text and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •7 Match these words or phrases from the text (1-4) with their synonyms (a-d).
- •An employment tribunal claim
3. Match these words with prefixes (1-6) with their definitions (a-f):
1. interagency a neutral, especially towards major powers;
2. non-aligned b involving two groups or two countries;
3. non-governmental c without any participation or representation of a government;
4. bilateral d within the boundaries of a state;
5. multinational e involving several different countries;
6. intrastate f involving two or more agencies, especially government agencies.
Employment law
1 Read the text quickly. then match each of these headings (a-g) with the paragraph (1-7) to which it best corresponds.
a Termination of employment
b Employment tribunals
c Terms of employment
d Employment legislation
e Labour law
f Protecting the disabled
g Recruitment
1 Employment law entails contracts between employers and employees which are normally controlled by specific legislation. In the UK, certain laws have been enacted regulating the areas of sex discrimination. race relations. disability, health and safety, and employee rights in general. Also, certain aspects of employment contracts are covered by the Trade Union and labour Relations Act 1992.
2 In the recruiting processes, employers must take into consideration that it is unlawful to discriminate between applicants for employment on the basis of gender, marital status, colour, race, nationality, or ethnic or national origins, It is also unlawful to publish job advertisements which might be construed as discriminatory. It is unlawful for a person to discriminate against another based on sex or marital status in the hiring process and in respect of the terms and conditions of employment. However, there are exceptions to this rule, such as where sex or marital status is a genuine occupational qualification (GOQ).
3 The law protects disabled persons by making it unlawful to discriminate against such persons in the interviewing and hiring process and regarding the terms of the offer of employment. Employers are required to make reasonable adjustments in the place of work to accommodate disabled persons. However, cost may be taken into account when determining what is reasonable.
4 After the employee is hired, protection is provided generally under the Employment Rights Act 1996. In particular, this Act requires the employer to provide the employee with a document containing the terms and conditions of employment. The statement must include the following: identities of the parties, the date of employment, a statement of whether there has been continuation of employment, the amount and frequency of pay. hours of work. holiday entitlement, job title and work location.
5 Matters related to termination of employment, such as unfair dismissal, discriminatory dismissal or redundancy dismissal are governed by the Employment Rights Act 1996. Also, certain aspects of termination of employment are governed by the Trade Union and labour Relations Act 1992 when the decision to terminate employment is in some way related to the activities of a trade union.
6 The protections mentioned above are largely enforced through complaints to an employment tribunal. The tribunal has the power to render decisions and issue orders in respect of the parties’ rights in relation to complaints. It may also order compensation for loss of prospective earnings and injured feelings.
7 Employment law relates to the areas covered above, while labour law3 refers to the negotiation, collective bargaining and arbitration processes. Labour laws primarily deal with the relationship between employers and trade unions. These laws grant employees the right to unionise and allow employers and employees to engage in certain activities (e.g. strikes, picketing, seeking injunctions. lockouts) so as to have their demands fulfilled.