Вариант 2

I. Active vocabulary:

process of reproduction ─ процесс воспроизводства

sexual reproduction ─ половое размножение

male ─ мужская особь, самец

female ─ женская особь, самка

to produce ─ производить

this is true ─ это относится

gestation period ─ время созревания

offspring ─ приплод, потомок

sow ─ свинья

ewe ─ овца

Translate the text “How Animals Reproduce”

In higher animals the process of reproduction is known as sexual reproduction. In the reproduction of higher animals there are two parents ─ male and female. The female produces the egg or egg cells (ova ) and the male produces the sperms or sperm cells. We know all higher animals to develop from on ovum produced by the female (mother) and fertilized by the male (father ). This is true of chickens, calves, lambs, pigs, and other such animals.

Gestation period. - The period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born is known as the gestation period. Large species of animals have long gestation periods; small species of animals have short gestation periods. Thus, the gestation period of rabbits is 30 days, cats - 60, dogs - 61, sows - 114, ewe -150, cows - 283. ' •

Number of young produced. - The cow ordinary produces one offspring each year. In some cases twins occur or even triplets; however, twins are exception rather than the rule. In cattle, twins are born about once in every eight births.

Sows may produce two litters a year, and they usually have from six to twelve pigs each litter. Sometimes sows have even as many as nineteen pigs in a litter.

Ewes ordinary produce lambs only once a year. They usually raise one lamb than raise a larger number.

II. Find English equivalents to the following Russian words and word-combinations:

высшие животные, известно, женская особь производит, это относится, период созревания, большие особи, количество приплода, тройня, двойня, два приплода (опороса) в год.

III. Answer the questions on the text.

1. How many parents are there in the reproduction of higher animals?

2. What do all the higher animals develop from?

3. How do we call the period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born?

4. How many litters may sows produce?

5. How many lambs do ewes usually raise?

IV. Read the text again. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1. In the reproduction of higher animals there are two parents ─ male and female.

2. The male produces sperms and the female produces the egg cells.

3. The period of development from the time the egg is fertilized until the animal is born is known as the gestation period.

4. Large species of animals have short gestation periods.

5. The cow ordinarily produces one offspring each year.

6. Ewes usually raise eight or ten lambs.

V. Complete the sentences with the information from the text.

1. In higher animals the process of reproduction is known as…

2. The female produces…

3. This is true of chickens…

4. Large species of animals have…

5. The cow ordinary produces…

6. Sows may produce…

VI. Make the sentences negative and interrogative.

1. The female produces the egg or egg cells.

2. We know all higher animals.

3. This is true of chickens, pigs.

4. The cow ordinary produces one offspring each year.

5. They usually raise one lamb.

VII. Insert correct prepositions where necessary.

1. In higher animals the process … reproduction is known as sexual reproduction.

2. … the reproduction … higher animals there are two parents ─ male and female.

3. The gestation period … rabbits is 30 days.

4. They have … six … twelve pigs each litter.

5. Twins are born about once … every eight births.

VIII. Write information about yourself according to the plan below.

─ Place I live…

─ My favorite animal…

─ Animal that I have in my flat (house)…

─ Describe you favorite animal.

Thank you. Good luck.