- •4 Working with the text
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Generals
- •1. Read and memorize the words
- •2.Make up word combinations from two columns
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Complete the sentences
- •1 Read the texts and translate them.
- •2 Знайдіть в тексті слова, схожі з українською мовою, які ви зможете зрозуміти без перекладу і які є помилковими друзями перекладача.
- •Знайдіть в тексті речення із вживанням Passive Voice.
- •4 В кожному реченні знайдіть ключове слово, або словосполучення.
- •Vocabulary:
- •1. Read and translate the text, do the tasks after reading.
- •Vocabulary
- •Find the right translation
- •Vocabulary
- •1 Read and translate the text. Pay attention on the following words:
- •Mining coal by water power
- •2 Put the words with their definitions.
- •3 Find all the sentences with the Passive Voice.
- •4 Read and translate the text independently.
- •Read and remember the words:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
- •4.Choose the best variant.
- •Make up word combinations from two columns
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions Methods used in boring from the surface
- •4.Complete the sentences
- •Read more information about the ways of drilling.
- •Types of excavators
- •Vocabulary:
- •2 Складіть рекламу до тексту, наголошуючи на його інформативній цінності
- •3 Прочитайте текст і дайте йому заголовок.
- •Vocabulary:
- •Розташуйте питання до тексту в логічній послідовності.
- •5 Скоротіть текст за рахунок подробиць.
- •1. Read and translate the text: number of openings
- •2.Складіть словосполучення з поданих слів:
- •Виразіть трьома реченнями зміст даного тексту.
- •Vocabulary:
- •Read the text. Do tasks after reading.
- •Vocabulary. Read and learn by heart:
- •Vocabulary. Read and learn by heart:
- •Read and learn new vocabulary:
- •Write down sentences with the most important information from the text.
- •Make up the plan of the text.
- •Retell the text using new words and plan.
- •1 True or false?
- •2 Read and remember new words.
- •3 Read the text and answer the questions. Support (part 1)
- •3Answer the questions to the text.
- •4 Fill in the text with the necessary words
- •Read and remember new words.
- •Read the text and extract the main information. Support (part 2)
- •2 Перекладіть на українську мову враховуючи префікс re-:
- •3 Прочитайте словосполучення та перекладіть їх на радну мову:
- •4 Визначте значення виділених слів за схожістю їх коренів в українській мові:
- •5 Прочитайте текст. Назвіть основні системи розробки рудних родовищ. Ore Mining
- •6 Прочитайте речення та укажіть які з них відповідають змісту тексту.
- •7 Дайте відповіді на питання
- •8 Знайдіть відповідні еквіваленти українських та англійських слів та словосполучень
- •9 Заповніть пропуски приведеними нижче словами
- •10 Знайдіть слова близькі за значенням.
- •11 Визначте якою частиною мови є виділені слова та перекладіть речення
- •12 Дані у дужках дієслова поставте в необхідну форму
Vocabulary. Read and learn by heart:
For groove driving – для проходки рівчаків
Maximum catch width, m – найбільша ширина захоплення,
From the axle of the track to the right/ left – від вісі колії направо
Mass, including the bucket of the capacity of 0,05 cub.m, t - маса з ковшем ємкістю 0,05 куб.м, т
LOADING MACHINES МПП 3 НК 1
Pneumatic, wheel-rail loading machine of periodical action of direct load is intended for loading blast-rock into transport vehicles. In horizontal opening of underground mining of mineral resources, including mines with risk of gas and dust explosion and underground construction.
Openings have to be equipped with the railway lines of the gauge of 600, 750 or 900 mm with mainroad supplying compressed air of the pressure 0,5 MPa and water for dust suppression of the pressure 0,4 – 1,6 MPa. It is recommended to operate the machines within the range temperature from +5 to +35 °C.
The design of the machine makes it possible to perform:
Automatic return of the bucket in the neutral position when it is raised;
Safe clutch of the machine to the locomotive;
Observance of sanitary standarts according to the noise, vibration and dust.
LESSON 17 (для шпб, тпр)
Read and learn new vocabulary:
Headings – видобуток, штрек
Ripping – підрив кровлі, обвал
Asset - обладнання
Adjacent – сусідній
Packwall – породна стіна
Slusher-скрібок
Write down sentences with the most important information from the text.
headings in coal
Narrow headings in thick coal where no ripping is needed are readily driven with the aid of a coal-cutting machine with shearing bar. Shortwall machines will give good result and are often used in England in multiple heading work with an automobile vehicle mounted on crawlers.
In thin coal, headings require ripping, and the dirt has to be filled out and sent away either to the surface or for stowing elsewhere in the mine. The most usual practise is to keep the coal face at least a few yards in front of the ripping and to load coal and dirt alternately at intervals and for periods decided by experience. The coal is cut, drilled and blasted (if necessary) while the ripping is being loaded and cleared. Coal is loaded while the ripping is being drilled and prepared for shotfiring. Compressed-air picks are a valuable asset to all heading operations.
Shortwall cutters are more widely used in thin coal headings, and at the end of the cutting cycle are flitted in the automobile machine transport truck to an adjacent heading.
In very high-speed drivages no such flitting is done, and the whole plant in use in the heading is kept on the one job.
If conveyors are used, they can be taken under the ripping and very near to the face, leaving only clearance for the cutter and loader. This can be reached by the loader without extending the conveyor every loading cycle, thereby saving much time.
If an auxiliary conveyor be used between the face and the main conveyor it can be relatively short (25—75 yd.) of robust design and of a type that can be easily and quickly extended. The main conveyor can then be extended at convenient times and at longer intervals. Such auxiliary conveyors are often scraper-chain and sometimes semi-troughed belt.
During ripping operations great speeds have been obtained by blasting the ripping on to a very strongly built hopper in the shape of an inverted flat frustum of a pyramid. A sliding shutter at the bottom controls the feed of the stone on to a conveyor which is running underneath it. The sides of the hopper are supported on strong steel struts and the whole structure is mounted on robust wheels and axles with the wheels in previously laid channel irons.
The whole of the sides act like a chute and the shutter is controlled by a main-and-tail rope system operated by the face coal-cutter haulage drums.
In medium shale, an average of 40 yd. per week advance has been made in a heading 11 Vz ft. wide by 9'/2 ft. high with coal 3 ft. thick, and the ripping 6!/2 ft. thick. Here again there must be good haulage arrangements adequate to keep the loading machinery going to full capacity. Wide headings require roadside packs, and are favoured when coal sides will not stand. In such cases the width excavated in coal is sufficient to allow road-side packs to be big enough to take all the ripping debris.
In gentle gradients where the loader is in use, it will move the ripping very rapidly into the packwalls, but it is advisable to tighten up and build the walls by hand tool methods. Scraper skips using a slusher haulage unit give excellent result for packing the ripping debris quickly, but here again hand-built walls and hand tightening are advised. If a slusher is used for the coal loading, then it is easily adopted for packing by using a system of guide pulleys at suitable points. Very good results are obtained with slushers used in this manner.