- •The layout and parts of a business letter
- •The date
- •The inside address
- •The opening salutation
- •The subject heading
- •The opening paragraph
- •We are sorry to have to remind you …
- •We are surprised to learn that …
- •The body of the letter
- •The closing paragraph
- •We look forward to trading with you Із зацікавленістю очікуємо розвитку
- •The complimentary closing
- •The signature
- •Enclosures and postcripts
- •Have a look at the letter paying attention to it structure? translate it into Ukrainian.
- •3. The final letter in this section shows some further features of a business letter.
- •Private and
- •I am sorry to see that, despite several reminders, you have not
- •Courtesy
- •Read this letter from a computer company to a company trainer, and fill in the blanks with the correct verb taken from the list below.
- •Complete the following letter of enquiry with the correct prepositions.
- •3. Translate the letter into English.
- •Now read this memo from Gerd Busch ag to his secretaly. Use the information to write a letter of reply to Anne croft from the secretary, on Mr Busch’s behalf.
- •Telexes
- •Here are Some
- •International Telex Abbreviations which may be useful to remember:
- •Specimen telexes
- •Telegrams (cables)
- •“Pls advise soonest delivery date rgds petrov”
- •Specimen cables jonso london
- •Telecopies /facsimiles/
- •Forms of business activities
- •1.Lern the vocabulary on the theme
- •The management has/have decided Керівництво вирішило to expand the company. Розширити компанію.
- •The guest-house is keeping у цю пору року у готелі a skeleton staff at this time of the year. Мінімальний штат робітників.
- •2. Read the text paying special attention to new words and set phrases.
- •Sole Proprietorship (англ.). Individual Proprietorship (ам.)
- •Unlimited Partnership (англ.). General Partnership (ам.). Повне товариство
- •Limited Partnership (англ. Ам.). Командитне товариство (Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю).
- •Master Limited Partnership. Акціонерно-командитне тлвариство.
- •Private Limited Company (англ.). Close Corporation (ам.). Акціонерна компанія з обмеженою відповідальністю. Закрита акціонерна компанія. (Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю закритого типу.
- •Public Limited Company (англ.). Corporation (ам.) Відкрита акціонерна компанія. (Акціонерне товариство відкритого типу).
- •Answer the following questions:
- •4. Give English equivalents to words and word-combinations. Make up your own sentences using them.
- •5. Choose the correct answer. A partner is…
- •A sole / individual proprietor is …
- •6. Fill in the blanks where necessary.
- •Part II
- •Learn the words and word combinations.
- •Read the texts paying special attention to new words and word-combinations:
- •Give English equivalents to words and word-combinations. Make up your own sentences usinf them.
- •Choose the correct answer: a joint-venture is…
- •A merger is …
- •A consolidation is…
- •Fill in the blanks where necessary.
- •Translate the following special phrases as accurately as you can into English. In case you cannot give an exact translation give an explanatory one.
- •Contract types of contract
- •Types of contracts
- •Valid, unenforceable, voidable and void contracts
- •The elements of a contract
- •A contract контракту
- •Implementation of contract
- •Infringement of contract, breach of contract порушення контракту
- •Зразок повного контракту agreement
- •Recitals
- •Загальні положення
- •3. Translate the contract into Ukrainian
- •4. Translate the extracts of the contract into Ukrainian using topical vocabulary contract
- •Subject of the Contract
- •Prices and Total Value
- •Terms of Payment
- •Time of Delivery
- •Sanctions
- •Guarantee
- •Force Majeure
- •Arbitration
- •Tasks for individual work
- •1. Write a letter using phrases given below.
- •1 Repondez s’il vous plait – прохоння прислати відповідь
- •2. Read and translate the text. Be ready to answer the new words and word combinations. Discuss the text with the teacher.
- •Implications
- •Appendix Переклад основних скорочень у мові торгівлі Acronyms Used in International Trade
Guarantee
The Sellers guarantee:
That the equipment supplied and technological process, automation and mechanization are in full accordance with the highest world technical achievements and meet the highest standards for this type of the equipment existing at the time of delivery;
High quality of the materials used in the manufacture of the equipment, first rate workmanship and high quality of the manufacture and assembly;
That the supplied equipment has been manufactured in full conformity with the description, technical specification and with the conditions of the Contract;
That the completion of the equipment to be delivered and of the technical documentation supplied is in accordance with the requirements specified in the Contract;
The period of guarantee of the normal and trouble-free operation of the equipment is to be __12__ months from the date of putting it into operation but not later than ___18___ months from the date of shipment of the complete equipment.
The above period will be accordingly extended if start-up of the equipment is deferred or the operation of the equipment is stopped.
6. If the defects cannot be eliminated, the Buyers have the right to reject the defective equipment or to request a corresponding reduction from its price.
In case the Buyers reject the equipment they return to the Sellers for the latter’s account the faulty equipment and the Sellers are to repay the sums paid by the Buyers with __7%__interest per annum.
14.7. If during the commissioning period and/or final tests and/or during the guqrantee period the equipment or technical documentation prove to be defective and/or incomplete and/or not in conformity with the Contract condition, then irrespective of the fact that such deficiencies could be found during the tests of the equipment at the Sellers’ or their subcontractors’ works, the Sellers undertake to eliminate at their expense the detected defects immediately at the Buyers’ request by means of repairing or replacing the defective equipment or parts thereof with new ones of good quality.
In this case the Buyers are entitled to demand from the Sellers payment of penalty as for delay in delivery at the rate and in accordance with the procedure stipulated in Clause 15 of the Contract, beginning from the date when the claim has been made till the date of elimination of the defect or till the date of delivery of new equipment instead of the rejected one.
14.8. The replaced defective technical documentation, equipment and/or units are to be returned to the Sellers at their request and for their account within the period agreed upon by the Parties. All the transport charges and other expenses connected with the return and/or the replacement of the defective equipment both on the territory of the Buyers’ country and the transit country as well as on the territory of the Sellers’ country are to be borne by the Sellers.
Force Majeure
16.1. The Parties are released from responsibility for partial or complete non-fulfillment of their liabilities under the present Contract, if this non-fulfillment was caused by the circumstances of Force Majeur, namely: fire, flood, earthquake, provided these circumstances have directly affected the execution of the present Contract.
In this case the time of fulfillment of the Contract obligations is extended for the period equal ti that during which such circumstances last.
16.2. The Party, for which it became impossible to meet obligations under the Contract, is to notify in written form the other Party of the beginning and cessation of the above circumstances immediately, but in any case not later than ten days of the moment of their beginning. The notification of the Force Majeure circumstances not made within 15 days deprives the corresponding Party of the right to refer to such circumstances in future.
16.3. The written evidence issued by the respective Chambers of Commerce will be a sufficient proof of the existence and duration of the above indicated circumstances.
16.4. If these circumstances last longer than six months, then each Party will be entitled to cancel the whole Contract or any part of it and in this case neither Party shall have the right to demand any compensation of eventual losses from the other Party.
The Sellers undertake in this case immediatily to reimburse the Buyers for all the advanced amounts paid by the latter under the present Contract.
