The guest-house is keeping у цю пору року у готелі a skeleton staff at this time of the year. Мінімальний штат робітників.

– statutory books статутні книги товариства з обмеженою відповідальністю, в яких відображується фінансовий стан, члени, керівництво і протоколи

– tax exempt особа / організація, звільнені

– tax free від сплати податку

– taxless такий, що не оподатковується

– trade

1. (Sg., no indefinite article) 1. торгівля

trade between countries торгівля між країнами

trade in metals торгівля металом

2. 2.сфера торгівлі

export trade експортна торгівля

import trade імпортна торгівля

international trade міжнародна торгівля

retail trade роздрібна торгівля

wholesale trade оптоваторгівля

3. (Sg., no indefinite article) 3. стан торгівлі, об’єм торгівлі

trade is bad торгівля не рухається

trade is booming торгівля процвітає

trade is brisk жвава торгівля

trade is declining торгівля погіршується

trade is picking up торгівля йде краще /

пожвавилася

trade is slow торгівля йде повільно

4. 4. сфера комерційної діяльності

a trade journal / magazine професійне періодичне

видання

a trade register торговий реєстр

5. 5. професія, вид занять,

спеціальність

learn a trade навчатися ремеслу

domestic / home trade внутрішня торгівля / у країні

foreign / overseas trade торгівля із закордонними партнерами, зовнішня торгівля

to do a good trade in smth. гарно заробляти на чомусь

– vote голос, право голоса

2. Read the text paying special attention to new words and set phrases.

1. Sole Proprietorship (англ.). Individual Proprietorship (ам.)

Індивідуальне підприємство

Sole proprietors are individuals carrying out economic operations in various spheres of business activities (industrial, trade, transport, banking etc.) and concluding commercial deals on their own behalf.

The legal form is not to be indicated in the name of the firm.

The hired staff are not referred to as proprietors.

The proprietors must be registered in the trade register, obtain a licence to carry out business activities and keep the books reflecting the results of the latter. The contents of the books are a commercial secret not accessible to a third party. In case of a lawsuit the books can be open for the court and the parties concerned provided the proprietor acts either as a plaintiff or a defendant. Also, the books can be made public in case of either insolvency or inheritance.

Sole proprietors are not subject to public report therefore it is not possible to get true information of their activities.

The sole proprietor is not a legal person and is fully liable with his property by the obligations of his firm. Millions of sole proprietors in the world carry out business activities mainly in the sphere of various services and retail trade.

2. Unlimited Partnership (англ.). General Partnership (ам.). Повне товариство

The main feature of unlimited partnerships is equal and collective responsibility for the property for all members of the partnership. In other words, creditors can be paid either at the expense of the partnership’s property or private property of the members. Besides, the agreement can not provide for the exception of property liability of any of the members before a third party. The property of the unlimited partnership is a joint property of its members.

The profit obtained is distributed proportionately to the share of participation in the property of the partnership. Concession of the share of participation can be made only with the consent of the members. The number of the members of the partnership is not limited.

The unlimited partnership can be disbanded either in case of insolvency or resignation of one of its members or by resolution of all participants. Unlimited partnership are not subject to public report.