- •The layout and parts of a business letter
- •The date
- •The inside address
- •The opening salutation
- •The subject heading
- •The opening paragraph
- •We are sorry to have to remind you …
- •We are surprised to learn that …
- •The body of the letter
- •The closing paragraph
- •We look forward to trading with you Із зацікавленістю очікуємо розвитку
- •The complimentary closing
- •The signature
- •Enclosures and postcripts
- •Have a look at the letter paying attention to it structure? translate it into Ukrainian.
- •3. The final letter in this section shows some further features of a business letter.
- •Private and
- •I am sorry to see that, despite several reminders, you have not
- •Courtesy
- •Read this letter from a computer company to a company trainer, and fill in the blanks with the correct verb taken from the list below.
- •Complete the following letter of enquiry with the correct prepositions.
- •3. Translate the letter into English.
- •Now read this memo from Gerd Busch ag to his secretaly. Use the information to write a letter of reply to Anne croft from the secretary, on Mr Busch’s behalf.
- •Telexes
- •Here are Some
- •International Telex Abbreviations which may be useful to remember:
- •Specimen telexes
- •Telegrams (cables)
- •“Pls advise soonest delivery date rgds petrov”
- •Specimen cables jonso london
- •Telecopies /facsimiles/
- •Forms of business activities
- •1.Lern the vocabulary on the theme
- •The management has/have decided Керівництво вирішило to expand the company. Розширити компанію.
- •The guest-house is keeping у цю пору року у готелі a skeleton staff at this time of the year. Мінімальний штат робітників.
- •2. Read the text paying special attention to new words and set phrases.
- •Sole Proprietorship (англ.). Individual Proprietorship (ам.)
- •Unlimited Partnership (англ.). General Partnership (ам.). Повне товариство
- •Limited Partnership (англ. Ам.). Командитне товариство (Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю).
- •Master Limited Partnership. Акціонерно-командитне тлвариство.
- •Private Limited Company (англ.). Close Corporation (ам.). Акціонерна компанія з обмеженою відповідальністю. Закрита акціонерна компанія. (Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю закритого типу.
- •Public Limited Company (англ.). Corporation (ам.) Відкрита акціонерна компанія. (Акціонерне товариство відкритого типу).
- •Answer the following questions:
- •4. Give English equivalents to words and word-combinations. Make up your own sentences using them.
- •5. Choose the correct answer. A partner is…
- •A sole / individual proprietor is …
- •6. Fill in the blanks where necessary.
- •Part II
- •Learn the words and word combinations.
- •Read the texts paying special attention to new words and word-combinations:
- •Give English equivalents to words and word-combinations. Make up your own sentences usinf them.
- •Choose the correct answer: a joint-venture is…
- •A merger is …
- •A consolidation is…
- •Fill in the blanks where necessary.
- •Translate the following special phrases as accurately as you can into English. In case you cannot give an exact translation give an explanatory one.
- •Contract types of contract
- •Types of contracts
- •Valid, unenforceable, voidable and void contracts
- •The elements of a contract
- •A contract контракту
- •Implementation of contract
- •Infringement of contract, breach of contract порушення контракту
- •Зразок повного контракту agreement
- •Recitals
- •Загальні положення
- •3. Translate the contract into Ukrainian
- •4. Translate the extracts of the contract into Ukrainian using topical vocabulary contract
- •Subject of the Contract
- •Prices and Total Value
- •Terms of Payment
- •Time of Delivery
- •Sanctions
- •Guarantee
- •Force Majeure
- •Arbitration
- •Tasks for individual work
- •1. Write a letter using phrases given below.
- •1 Repondez s’il vous plait – прохоння прислати відповідь
- •2. Read and translate the text. Be ready to answer the new words and word combinations. Discuss the text with the teacher.
- •Implications
- •Appendix Переклад основних скорочень у мові торгівлі Acronyms Used in International Trade
The opening salutation
The Salutation varies according to circumstances and should be in harmony with the Inside Address and the Complimentary Closing. If the letter is addressed to the company (which is not recommended, but very often done), the form of addressing is: Dear Sirs,; if the letter is addressed to an individual, the most usual forms are: Dear Sir, or Dear Madam, (it applies to both married and single women). These are the usual greetings in English business letters. Americans prefer “Gentlemen:” and if they use “Dear Sirs:”, “Dear Madam:”, they use them with a colon instead of a comma.
When the correspondent is unknown to you and may be either a man or a woman, always use the form “Dear Sir.”. If the correspondent is known to you personally, or if your firm has traded with his firm for some time, you may use a warmer and more friendly greeting “Dear Mr Brown,”.
The subject heading
The Subject Heading indicates the subject-matter of the letter (its topic), thus enabling the reader to see immediately what the letter is about, and is placed just after (below) the salutation (since it forms part of the letter) and in the middle of the page. In front of it the wording “Re-“ (short of the latin in re) meaning ‘regarding’ was formerly used. Now it is out of date. ‘Abt’ (short for “About’) may be used. Or the Subject Heading is just underlined, it is sometimes written in capital letters.
This title to a letter, however, is not always required and the date of a letter referred to in the first line of the answer is often indication enough of what the subject is.
e.g.
Dear Sir,
Abt: Order No. 342 of 3rd Apr., 1990
Dear Madam,
YOUR ENQUIRY OF 5TH MAY, 1990
Dear Mr Brown,
Abt: the arrival of our inspectors
The opening paragraph
The opening paragraph will often state the subject-matter of the letter by giving the date of the letter, which is being answered, and the writers feeling on the subject: pleasure, regret, surprise or gratitude. A short opening sentence will often attract attention more successfully than a longer one.
Useful phrases and sentences:
In reply to your letter of 2nd Mar. this year we would like to inform you …(= we are writing to inform)
We thank you for your letter dated 3rd Jun. and write to tell you … (wish to inform you…)
We are sorry to have to remind you …
To your regret we shall have to …
We regret to inform you that …
We are glad to inform you …
We are happy to tell you …
We are pleased to inform you …
We are surprised to learn that …
Further to our letter of 3rd Jun. …
With reference to (=Referring to…) the enquiry of 4th July, 199 …
We refer to your Order No.256 and …
We have received your letter dated 13th Mar. …
We thank you for the letter of 13th Mar. …
Корисні звороти та фрази:
а) У відповідь на Ваш лист від 2 березня цьго року повідомляємо Вам, що …
Дякуємо за Ваш лист від 3 червня і повідомляємо Вам, що …
б) Нажаль, нам доводиться нагадати Вам, що …
Нажаль, ми змушені …
Нажаль, повідомляємо Вам, що …
в) Із задоволенням повідомляємо Вам, що …
Ми із здивуванням довідались, що ...
На додаток до нашого листа від 3 червня…
Посилаючись на запрос від 4 липня 199 … р.
Ми посилаємось на Ваш заказ № 256 та …
Підтвержуємо отримання Вашого листа від 13 березня …