3. Answer the following questions:

   1. What is tensile strength?

   2. How many definitions of tensile strength do you know?

   3. What is yield point?

   4. What do you know about necking period?

   5. What is a typical stress strain curve for a brittle material?

   6. For what materials tensile strength can be defined?

   7. In what units is tensile strength measured?

3. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:

   1. brittle material a) в’язке руйнування

   2. tensile stress b) площа поперечного розрізу

   3. ductile failure c) еластична деформація

   4. elastic deformation d) межа текучості

   5. initial shape e) ламкий матеріал

   6. cross-sectional area f) початкова форма

   7. yield point g) розтягувальна напруга

5. Decide whether the statements below are true or false:

   1. The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can be subjected to before failure.

   2. The definition of failure can vary according to material type and design methodology.

   3. Metals including steel have a curve stress-strain relationship up to the yield point.

   4. The stress on the material at the time of rupture is known as tensile stress.

   5. Testing of several different specimens will result in identical failure stresses.

   6. For many-applications elastic deformation is unacceptable, and the yield strength is used as the design limitation.

   7. Tensile strength is measured in units of force per unit area.

5. The definitions of the words are given. Try to guess these words.

   1. A line of which no part is straight and which contains no angles.

   2. A sudden breaking apart or bursting.

   3. A case of being dislocated.

   4. The fact or condition of limiting or being limited.

   5. A degree of sloping; a measure of an angle from a level direction.

   6. Force of weight caused by pressure.

   7. Any solid shiny mineral substance which can be shaped by pressure and used for passing an electric current.

7. Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian:

tensile stress, ductile failure, material type, definition, yield strength, elastic deformation, ultimate strength, breaking strength, linear stress-strain relationship, yield point, interaction, dislocation, initial shape, design limitation, ductile metals, unloading curve, cross-sectional area, specimen, compression, brittle materials, original component, necking.

8. Match English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:

1. curve a) межовий

2. dislocation b) вигин

3. ultimate c) розрив

4. substantial d) неполадка

5. rupture e) текучість

6. yield f) обмеження

7. limitation g) міцний

9. Give subtitles to each paragraph of the text.

Lesson 5

1. Find in the text English equivalents for the following Ukrainian words and word combinations:

несправність, заперечення, навколишнє середовище, вхідний сигнал,

надійність, чутливість, пристрій, залежить від, допущення, джерело вібрації, механічний фільтр, зовнішній, внутрішній, хитання, нерухомий, великий, пружна деформація, конструювання з великим запасом міцності, частота, можливість, зсунення, прискорення.

2. Read and translate the text: