Words and word combinations

country – страна;

state – государство; штат;

kingdom – королевство;

to situated – располагаться;

to be made up (consist of) – состоять из;

to separate – разделять;

to connect – соединять;

capital – столица;

monarch – монарх;

monarchy – монархия;

king – король;

queen – королева;

House – палата (парламента);

to limit – ограничивать;

to appoint – назначать;

to elect – выбирать;

leader – лидер, руководитель;

power – власть;

law – закон;

to make laws – издавать законы;

free – бесплатный;

expensive – дорогой;

to export – экспортировать;

chemicals – продукты химической промышленности;

textile – текстиль.

Assignment

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

Official name, mountain, mild, industrial, deep, to be famous for, monarchy, party, official language, the head of the Government, to appoint, to make laws, to be made up.

2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

Ла-Манш; королева; состоять из; официальны язык; монарх; выбирать; лидер; климат; политическая партия; палата лордов; члены палаты общин; ограничивать; король.

3. Fill in the gaps:

1. The … …. of the country is the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

2. The U.K. is …. monarchy.

3. The head of the … is the Prime Minister, who is the …. of the party in … .

4. GB is separated from the Continent by the ….. …. .

5. The longest river in Great Britain is …….

6. English is the official ….. of …. …..

7. The power of the monarch is ….. by ……

8. Parliament made up of the ….. ….. and the ….. …. .

9. At present there are four main ….. ….. in Great Britain.

10. Cambridge and Oxford are ….. …… cities.

4. Answer the following questions:

1. Where is Great Britain situated?

2. What is the official name of the country?

3. What countries is it made up?

4. What is the climate of Britain?

5. What is the longest river in GB?

6. Who is the official head of the state?

7. How many Houses does Parliament have?

8. Who is the head of the Government?

9. Are there four political parties in GB?

10. What is the official language of Great Britain?

5. Translate into English:

1. Великобритания расположена на Британских островах.

2. В состав Великобритании входят Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс и Северная Ирландия.

3. Климат в Великобритании теплый и мягкий.

4. Великобритания – конституционная монархия.

5. Главой государства является король или королева.

6. Парламент Великобритании состоит из палаты лордов и палаты общин.

7. Главой правительства является премьер-министр.

8. Английский – официальный язык Великобритании.

6. Retell the text.

Text London

London is a capital of the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is an ancient city. London was founded more than two thousand years ago. Today it is one of the largest cities in the world. Julius Ceasar named it Londinium. It became the state’s capital in 1066.

London is situated in the South-Eastern part of Great Britain on the banks of the Thames river. Its population is over 9 million.

Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the west End and the East End. They differ much from each other.

The City is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, officies and companies are concentrated here. Few people live here, but over a million come to work to the City.

Two famous buildings are situated within the City: St. Paul’s Cathedral and the Tower of London. Sir Christopher Wren built the Cathedral in the 17^th century. The Tower was created in the 11^th century and was used as a fortress, a palace and a prison. Now it is a museum.

Westminster is the aristocratic official part of London. It includes Buckingham Palace where the Queen resides and the Houses of Parliament.

The Clock Tower of the Houses of the Parliament is famous fot its big hour bell, known as ”Big Ben”.

Westminster Abbey is the church where nearly all the British kings were crowned and buried after their death. Charles Dickens, Isaak Newton, Redyard Kipling are buried here too.

Whitehall is the street of Britain’s ministers. It runs between Parliament Square and Trafalgar Square. The British government itself is often called Whitehall because there are many government officies in this street.

The Prime Minister has his official residence there at number 10 Downing Street.

The West End is the place where rich and famous people live. It is symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks and houses are situated here. English aristocracy lives in this area.

One of the busiest streets in the West End is Oxford Street.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in the memory of Admiral Nelson’s victory at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The Nelson’s column stands in the middle of the square.

The East End is the industrial district of the capital. There are many factories and plants here.

Words and word combinations:

ancient – древний, старинный;

to divide – делить, разделять;

financial – финансовый;

numerous – многочисленный;

prison – тюрьма;

to reside – проживать, жить, находиться;

to crown – короновать;

wealth – богатство;

luxury – роскошь;

aristocracy – аристократия;

to include – включать;

district – район, округ;

peninsula – полуостров.