- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1
- •Reading Exercises:
- •Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 2
- •Dohc or Twin cam engine
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 3 Read the text: springs
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 4
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 5
- •Lithium-Ion Car Battery
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 6
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 7
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 8 Read the text: Servicing the Engine Cooling System
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 9
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 10
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
I. Reading Exercises:
Exercise 1. Read and memorize using a dictionary:
belt-driven; camshaft; chain; compression stroke; exhaust stroke; gear; intake stroke; lubrication; power stroke; pushrod; |
Exercise 2. Answer the questions:
What is one of the most important components in any engine?
Where the camshaft is either chain or gear driven off the crankshaft?
Why can cam-related problems occur?
When does the engine quit?
When can cam failures occur?
Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:
1. The camshaft is either chain or |
a) a retarding effect on cam timing. |
2. The added slack in the chain has |
b) replacing OHC timing belts at specific mileage intervals. |
3. If the belt snaps, the cam |
c) gear driven off the crankshaft. |
4. To minimize the risk of such damage, most vehicle manufacturers recommend |
d) stops turning and the engine quits. |
Exercise 4. Open brackets choosing the right words:
On cold mornings when the oil is (thin/thick), it can take quite a few seconds for adequate oil pressure to reach the cam. That is why most vehicle manufacturers (recommend/deny) using 5W-30 oil rather than 10W-30 or 10W-40 for (cold/hot) weather driving.
II. Speaking Exercises:
Exercise 1. Describe intake stroke; compression stroke; exhaust stroke; using the suggested words and expressions as in example:
camshaft rotating; shaft; ; a cam; attached; example: A camshaft is a rotating shaft to which a cam is attached. |
intake stroke fluid admission phase; travel; reciprocating piston; cylinder mechanism; engine; pump; compressor; |
compression stroke phase; positive displacement engine; compressor; motion; piston; compress; fluid; cylinder; |
exhaust stroke engine; pump; compressor; expel; fluid; cylinder; |
Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: As an engine accumulates miles, the timing chain stretches.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: The timing chain and gear set often need to be replaced in high-mileage pushrod engines.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: To minimize the risk of such damage, most vehicle manufacturers recommend replacing OHC timing belts at specific mileage intervals
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: Cam breakage or seizure is another problem that can occur in OHC engines.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: When an OHC engine gets too hot, the cylinder head tends to swell and bulge up in the middle.