7. Замените придаточное предложение герундиальным оборотом, используя данные в скобках предлоги.

Образец: When I came home, I called him up (on). - On coming home I called him up.

1. When he entered the room, he greeted everybody (on). – On entering the room he greeted everybody.

2. Before we go to the club we often call for them (before). – Before going to the club we often call for them.

3. You can improve your pronunciation if you work at it regularly (by). - You can improve your pronunciation by working at it regularly.

4. When he received the prize, he left the town (on). – On receiving the prize he left the town.

5. You will never know English well unless you learn grammar (with­out). - You will never know English well without learning grammar.

6. While you were reading the text, you made a few sound mistakes (in). – In reading the text you made a few sound mistakes.

7. Before I go to bed I usually listen to the latest news (before). – Before going to bed I usually listen to the latest news.

8. The hero helped the poor because he gave them food and shelter (by). - The hero helped the poor by giving them food and shelter.

9. We arrived at the station, we saw that the train had left (on). – On arriving at the station we saw that the train had left.

10. The students developed their speaking skills because they constantly practised their English (through). - The students developed their speaking skills through practising their English constantly.

8. Переведите слова, данные в скобках, употребляя герундий.

1. Do you mind my (smoking) here? 2. Leonid is against (staying) there long. 3. I am afraid of (shooting). 4. (Walking) in such weather is very pleasant. 5. We enjoyed (reading) this book. 6. They do not mind (going) to the cinema now. 7. I remember (seeing) that film. 8. Our students think of (going) to the country next Sunday. 9. Let's go on (working) at this problem. 10. Will you stop (talking)?

9. Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice using the Indefinite Tenses (give two forms where possible).

A) Example: Tom gave her a book. — She was given a book. The book was given to her.

1. We request the passengers leaving for London to register. – The passengers leaving for London are requested.

2. The manager will sign contracts tomorrow. – Contracts will be signed tomorrow.

3. She will make a new discovery soon. – A new discovery will be made soon.

4. Steve will make a report at the conference. – A report at the conference will be made.

5. They play tennis all year round. – Tennis is played all year round.

6. The manager offers me several jobs. – Several jobs are offered to me.

7. They will promise you much, but don't imagine they will give you everything. – You’ll be promised much, but don't imagine they will give you everything. They will promise you much, but don’t imagine you’ll be given everything. You’ll be promised much, but don’t imagine you’ll be given everything.

8. They will give me a leave in July if there is no urgent work. – I’ll be given a leave in July there is no urgent work.

9. The Spanish government offered Columbus three ships. – Columbus was offered three ships. Three ships were offered to Columbus.

10. They usually send their children to camp for summer. = The children are usually sent to camp for summer.

В) Pay attention to pre­positions

Example: She looks after him well. — He is well looked after (by her).

1. He did not touch upon this question unfortunately. – This question was not touched upon.

2. They agreed upon Monday as the most suitable day. – Monday was agreed as the most suitable day.

3. He referred to very interesting plans. – Very interesting plans were referred to.

4. They listened to our conversation very attentively. – Our conversation was listened to very attentively.

5. I think they will wait for us only in a week. – I think we’ll be waited only in a week.

6. Nobody took notice of his late arrival. – His late arrival wasn’t taken notice of.

7. We looked through all the advertisements very attentively. – All the advertisments were looked through very attentively.

8. People will talk much about the successful performance of the young actress. - The successful performance of the young actress was talked much about.

9. She sent them for a taxi. – They were sent for a taxi.

10. Everybody looked at her new dress with interest. – Her new dress was looked at with interest

С) Using the Continuous Tenses

Example: They are solving a difficult problem now. — The problem is being solved поw.

1. Don't come in! The professor is examining students. – The students are being examined now.

2. Can I read the article? — No, the secretary is typing it. – The article is being typed.

3. We had to hurry. They were waiting for us. – We were being waited for.

4. It was noisy. Nobody was listening to him. – He wasn’t being listened to.

5. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? – Does he realize that he’s being laughed at?

6. Look at this man. I think he is following us. – I think we’re being followed.

7. Listen carefully! He is giving a very interesting talk. – A very interesting talk is being given.

8. The waiter is serving us rather fast. – We are being served rather past.

9. The secretary was looking through morning mail. – Morning mail was being looked through.

10. The interpreter is translating their conversation rather well. – Their conversation is being translated rather well.

D) Using the Perfect Tenses

Example: They have already brought the medi­cine. — The medicine has already been brought.

1. We have repaired our house lately. – Our house has been repaired lately.

2. When the fire brigade came, the fire had destroyed the building. – The building had been destroyed.

3. The athlete has shown much better results since this coach trains him. – Much more better results had been shown by athlete since this coach trains him.

4. I will have answered all the business letters by noon. – All the business letters will have been answered by now.

5. The president of the board has signed the document. – The document’s been signed.

6. Is she washing the floor? — No, she has already washed it. – The floor has already been washed.

7. By his arrival they had repaired his car. – The car had been repaired by his arrival.

8. He has booked the tickets and the clerk will have brought them by 2 o'clock. – The tickets have been booked and they will have been brought by 2 o’clock.

9. They had painted the house by his arrival. – The house had been painted by his arrival.

10. The police haven't found the reason for the accident yet. – The reason for the accident hasn’t been found yet.

E) Using modal verbs

Example: He can do this work. — The work can be done (by him).

1. She can find a job easily. – The job can be fined easily.

2. The matter is urgent. They should phone her immediately. – She should be phoned immediately.

3. The boss wants Mr. Black. You must find him. – He must be found.

4. I can make an interesting offer to you. – An interesting offer can be made to you.

5. He's got a pay rise and now they can buy a new house. – A new house can be bought by them.

6. You must send the document as quickly as possible. – The document must be sent as quiclky as possible.

7. The weather is warm. She may plant the flowers. – The flowers may be planted.

8. The document is of great importance. He must show it to us. – It must be shown to us.

9. You should avoid the center of town during rush hours. – The center of townshould be awoided during rush hours.

10. Their kitchen is large and they can use it as a dining room. – Their kitchen can be used as a dining room.

10. Choose the correct grammar form to translate a predicate.

1. Этот дом был построен в прошлом году. a) was being built b) has been built c) was built

2. Сейчас здесь строится новый супермаркет. a) is being built b) is building c) is built

3. Новое здание института уже построили, когда я поступила на юридический факультет.

a) was built b) has been built c) had been built

4. Студентов экзаменуют два раза в год. a) are being examined b) is examined c) are examined

5. Такие столы делают из дорогого дерева. a) are being made b) have been made c) are made

11. Open the brackets and use the verb in the appropriate form of the Passive Voice.

1. The first draft resolution (was not discussed) yesterday; it (had been withdrawn) long before the beginning of the meeting. 2. He is not in town; he (has been sent) on a special mission. 3. Don't come into the compartment; the berth (is being fixed) now. 4. A new underground line (is being constructed) now. They say one of its stations (will be built) in my street. 5. He wants to know when the final decision (will be taken). The activities of the committee and their delays already much (was spoken) about. 6. It was three o'clock. We (were told) to hurry up because we (were being waited). 7. Not all the necessary things (were bought) for our trip that's why the departure (was postponed). 8. It must (be done) without delays. 9. On September 9, 1850, California (was admitted) to the Union as the thirty-first state. 10. This work (had been done) before you went to Moscow?

12. Read and translate the text paying attention to the ING-forms.

A way of exploring the world

There are many ways of exploring the world. Previously the choice of the means of exploring the world was rather limited. It was confined to books and meeting other people. Transport was poorly developed to allow people to travel throughout the world without difficulties. The technical progress of the 20-th century has made our planet a small world. Any distance is covered in a twin­kle of an eye.

Существует много способов познать мир. Ранее выбор средств познания мира был довольно ограничен. Всё было ограничено книгами или встречами с людьми. Транспорт, чтобы позволить людям путешествовать по миру без трудностей, был плохо развит. Технический прогресс в 20 веке сделал нашу планету одним маленьким мирком. Любое расстояние преодолимо в мгновение ока.

Travelling as a way of learning also has a long tradition. In the past travelling was the final stage of the education of aristo­crats. It is very useful to visit different countries and get famil­iar with different cultures. People today are travelling far more than they ever used to.

Путешествие как способ познания так же имеет большое предание. В прошлом путешествие было финальным шагом образования аристократов. Очень полезно посещать разные страны и знакомиться с разными культурами. В наши дни люди путешествуют намного дальше, чем когда-либо путешествовали.

In the past people did not travel so much as we do today; they set sail in search of new lands and trade routes. Now a person travels in order to learn more about the culture of the country he is visiting and compare the real life of the people with the information given in the books. Sometimes the reality and the books do not coincide. For ex­ample, the pictures of the great painters given in the albums do not show the size, colour or emotion of the paintings. That is why it is better to see paintings, sculpture and architecture in the original. Travelling is indispensable for learning foreign lan­guages and getting rid of a language barrier. It helps to establish contacts with people.

В прошлом люди не путешествовали в таких количествах как мы сейчас; они отправлялись в плавания для того, чтобы найти новые земли и обменивались маршрутами. Сейчас человек путешествует с целью того, чтобы побольше узнать о культуре страны, в которой он гостит, и сравнить реальную жизнь людей с информацией, дающейся в книжках. Иногда реальность и книги не совпадают. К примеру, картины великих художников, представленные в альбомах, не показывают размера, цвета, эмоции той или иной картины. Это причина почему видеть картины, скульптуру и архитектуру лучше в оригинале. Путешествия необходимы для изучения иностранных языков и избавления от языкового барьера. Это помогает устанавливать контакты с людьми.

Travelling is very popular today. The most fantastic wishes are put into life due to modem technologies. Millions of people move from their own countries. By mountain biking or skiing, flying into outerspace, feeding sharks or just sight seeing people explore both them­selves and the world around them. It should be said that now people travel by car, train, plane, ship, spacecraft or on foot. Travelling, going from one place to another, gives a person a kind of social experience.

Сегодня путешествовать очень модно. Самые нереальные желания воплощаются в жизнь благодаря современным технологиям. Миллионы людей выезжают из их стран. Горным велоспортом или лыжами, полетом в открытый космос, кормлением акул или просто осмотром достопримечательностей люди анализируют самих себя и мир вокруг них. Стоит сказать, что сейчас люди путешествуют с помощью автомобиля, поезда, самолета, корабля, космического судна или на ногах. Путешествия, передвижения с одного места на другое даёт людям некоторый социальный опыт.

Travelling gives a chance to see new places and meet new peo­ple. Reminiscences about travelling impressive experience will stay with people forever and a day. Take as an example a trip to Greece. You may visit Athens, Delphi, and Corinth. The trip is especially important because you are through with the history of Ancient Greece and it gives a rare opportunity to see the place where Ancient Greek history happened. You can see the region where ancient heroes lived, fought and died. It is a great chance to visit the temples of incomparable beauty, especially the Parthenon. Unfortunately, the majority of the Greek monuments and ancient cities lie in ruins. The tombs of the ancient kings seem to be the remnant of an alien race to which you do not belong. Excavations returned most of the monuments to humanity. Although the Ancient Greek civilisation has vanished you still admire its temples and statues.

Путешествия дают шанс увидеть новые места и познакомиться с новыми людьми. Воспоминания о впечатляющем опыте путешествия остаются с людми навсегда и надолго. Возьмем как пример путешествие в Грецию. Вы можете посетить Афины, Делфи и Коринф. Путешествие по-особому важно, потому что вы проходите через историю Древней Греции и это даёт вам редкий шанс увидеть место где разворачивалась история Античной Греции. Вы можете увидеть глазами местность где жили античные герои, где они боролись и погибали. Это огромный шанс увидеть храмы несравненной красоты, в особенности Парфенон. К сожалению, большинство греческих памятников и древних городов лежат в руинах. Могилы античных королей кажутся остатками инородцев, к каким вы не принадлежите. Раскопки вернули человечеству памятники. Несмотря на то, что Древнегреческая цивилизация исчезла, вы всё еще почитаете её храмы и статуи.

By travelling we get new information. The period of extensive travelling is called the Age of Discovery. Tourism, activity or practice of touring for pleasure, is the phenomenon of the 20-th century.

Путешествиями мы узнаём новую информацию. Период расширенного путешествия называется Век открытий. Туризм, процесс или практика туризма для удовольствия – это явление 20 века.

CURRICULUM VlTAE

PERSONAL DETAILS ADDRESS:

MELANIE HENDERSON 99 NEWLANDS PARK

DATE OF BIRTH: 3.11.1980 LONDON SE30 8UJ

TEL. 0171 25650

EDUCATION 2007 – PRESENT

PUT YOUR MOST RECENT DEGREE IN FRENCH STUDIES, University of London

STUDIES FIRST DEGREE PERFORMANCE TO DATE: 2.1

DON’T GO TOO FAR BACK SPECIALIST SUBJECTS: BRITISH CINEMA, THE

IN TIME OR LEAVE ANY NARRATIVE TECHNIQUE

GAPS. 1997 – 2007

ROYAL LATIN SCHOOL, AYLESBURY

A LEVELS: FRENCH (B), GERNAN (C), ENGLISH (B),

FILM STUDIES (A),

7 GCSEs: French (A), GERMAN (A), ENGLISH (A), ART (A),

HISTORY (B), MATHS (B), ECONOMICS (B).

WORK EXPERIENCE

PUT YOUR RECENT 2005

EXPERIENCE FIRST INFORMATION OFFICER, FUTUROSCOPE, FRANCE

RESPONSIBLE FOR DEALING WITH ENQUIRIES IN A BUSY

OFFICE, RESPONDING TO 2,000 ENQUIRIES A WEEK. THIS

DEMONSTRATED MY ABILITY TO RETAIN A PROFESSIONAL

APPROACH AND A SENSE OF HUMOUR WHILE WORKING

UNDER PRESSURE.

1998

GIVE MORE DETAIL CUSTOMER SERVICES ASSISTANT

ABOUT MORE RELEVANT PROVIDED SUPPORT FOR CUSTOMER ENQUIRIES.

EXPERIENCE. DEALING WITH CUSTOMERS’ COMPLAINTS DEMONSTRATED

MY ABILITY TO REMAIN CALM UNDER PRESSURE. EXPLAINING

COMPLEX ISSUES SIMPLY AND CLEARLY HELPED ME TO

DEVELOP MY COMMUNICATION SKILLS.

POSITIONS OF RESPONSIBILITY

MISS THIS SECTION OUT IF YOU IN MY FINAL YEAR AT SCHOOL, I HELPED ORGANIZE

OUT IF YOU HAVEN’T HAD A A CAREERS FAIR FOR ALL FINAL YEAR STUDENTS.

POSITION OF RESPONSIBILITY

SKILLS GOOD WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF MICROSOFT WORD

AND EXCEL SPREAD-SHEETS

WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF FRENCH AND ITALIAN

CURRENT CLEAN DRIVING LICENCE

INTERESTS

DON’T JUST LIST YOUR TRAVEL: I HAVE TRAVELLED EXTENSIVELY AND INDE-

INTERESTS - PENDENTLY IN EUROPE.

ADD A FEW DETAILS. MUSIC: I PLAY THE GUITAR IN A SEMI-PROFESSIONAL BAND

AND HAVE DONE A NUMBER OF “GIGS” FOR SCHOOL AND

STUDENT CLUBS.

GIVE TWO REFEREES. REFEREES

HAMISH ROBERTS RICHARD GAYLE

(TUTOR AT UNIVERSITY (CUSTOMER SERVICES

Можно не менять OF LONDON) MANAGER /DAT)

17 WOODLAND AVENUE 31 PLEASANT STREET

OXFORD LONDON

OX 117GGR SE 18 3LSR