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Unit VII

Studying Grammar

The Noun

Structural Classification of Nouns

Simple Compound

(E.g.: work, mouse, Derivative (noun + noun, adj.+ noun,

conduct, pen) (E.g.: worker, heiress, kingdom) verb+noun, e. g.: mousetrap,

snowball, dining-room)

Exercise 7.1.

Derivative nouns are formed with the help of suffixes that indicate different meanings.

A. Try to guess the meanings of the suffixes and fill in the gaps in the table. Write more examples.

suffix	meaning	example
-er, -or	a person / a doer of an action / profession	instructor, writer, actor, ……, ……, ……, ……
-er, -or	machine, a thing	cooker, mincer, word processor, ……, ……
-ology	…………………………...	sociology, neurology, ……, ……, ……
-ics	…………………………..	physics, mathematics, ……, ……, ……, ……
-ness	an abstract noun that is formed from an adjective	happiness, ……., …….., ………., ………
-ess	…………………………..	heiress, actress, hostess, ……, ……, …….
-ment	……………………………	development, ………
-ity	……………………………	generosity, activity, ……, anxiety, ………
-ful	……………………………	mouthful, spoonful, ………
-ing	……………………………	(an) ironing, (a) singing, …….., ……., ………
-dom	…………………………….	boredom, ……., ……..
-hood	…………………………….	boyhood, …......, ………

Exercise 7.2.

Use the nouns denoting doers of different actions or professions with suffixes –an, -ant, -ar, -er, -ian, -ese, -ist, , -or wherever possible.

1. I can play the violin. I am a ………..

2. I am from Rome, so I am a …………

3. He is from Milan, so he is a ……………

4. Tomas studied history at university, he is a top …………at our institute.

5. Alex assists the professor, so he is professor’s …………….

6. My father drives well. He is a good ……………………….

7. Her granny works in the library. She is a …………………..

8. Newton is a famous ………………………………………..

9. Ivan Pavlov is a well-known ………………………………..

10. Anna plays badminton best of all in our group. She is a good….

11. We are from Kharkiv. We are ……………………………..

12. Shakespeare wrote plays, so he is a ……………………….

13. If a person doesn’t feel well, he goes to visit a ……………

14. This child always tells lies. He is a ………………………….

Exercise 7.3.

Complete the sentences with nouns that originated from verbs, adjectives or other nouns.

1. Student Petrov is absent. Can you explain his ……………...

2. Can you explain your behaviour? Is there any …………….?

3. Nelly is anxious to know if Paul loves Mary. It’s a usual …………..

4. All of us will arrive at Victoria Station. On our ……………….. we are going to the hotel.

5. Let’s try again. We shall have another ………………………………….

6. Mary decided to enter the Teachers’ Training College. It’s her final ……………

7. Mother warned you not to do it. She gave you a ………………….

8. Each king rules in his ………………………..

9. Don’ argue with me. I don’t want an ……………………………

10. Isaac Newton discovered that. He made that ……………………………..

Grammatical categories of the Noun are: 1. Number 2. Case

Semantic Classification of Nouns Proper Common Countable Uncountable Collective Class Nouns (Concrete) Abstract Abstract Nouns of Material Animate Inanimate

THE CATEGORY OF NUMBER

Regular Plurals

Exercise 7. 1.

Sometimes non-count nouns can become count, but the meanings of the singular and plural forms are rather different. Read the following nouns, find their meanings in the dictionary and fill in the table:

Uncountable	Countable
Difference –
Talk –
Authority –
Paper –
Grief –
Work –
Custom –
Colour –

Collective Nouns Collective Nouns that are used only with a verb in the singular (machinery, foliage) Collective nouns that are used only with a verb in the plural – nouns of multitude (cattle, poultry, police, vermin, gentry, clergy, public, people – люди) Collective nouns that are used with a verb either in the singular or in the plural (family, crowd, army, jury etc.)

Exercise 7. 3. Study the algorithm and make the nouns plural wherever possible.