27. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

TRIP PLANNING

1. Arranging for a trip can be as simple as telephoning for a motel reservation or as complex as setting up an around-the-world tour. The more arrangements to be made, the more useful are the services of a travel agent. Airlines and many hotel chains also made make extensive travel arrangements.

2. Travellers to a foreign country need certain documents in order to be allowed in and out of the country. The most necessary of credentials is the passport. This is a formal document issued by governments to their citizens. It establishes the carrier's identity and nationality and authorizes travel outside the country. A United states passport is valid for either 5 or 10 years. To obtain one an individual needs proof of citizenship, 2 recent identical photographs 2 by 2 inches (5 by 5 centimeters), proof of identity and a fee payable to Passport Services. These must be accompanied by a signal application form. Passports may be obtained from passport offices in 13 cities, from some post offices, and from some clerks of federal or state courts.

3. A visa is required for entry into some countries, and may be obtained at a point of entry. This is an endorsement placed in a passport indicating it has examined and approved by a government official. Travel is made easier when there are no visa requirements and the entry formalities are simple.

4. Some countries also require travellers to show a vaccination certificate. Vaccination requirements vary, but common diseases against which visitors need immunity are cholera and yellow fever. Local health departments normally inform prospective travellers of infected areas in all parts of the world. Vaccination certificates can be obtained from passport offices. Individuals who plan to drive in foreign countries may need an international driver's license, usually available from automobile clubs. Travellers should also be aware of currency regulations, conversion rates, and customs regulations of countries to be visited.

Определите, является ли утверждение

Visa is the most necessary document for entering every foreign country, а) истинным b) ложным с) в тексте нет информации

78

28. Before travelling to some countries tourists should be vaccinated.

а) ложным b) в тексте нет информации с) истинным

29. Governments take part in promoting a flow of tourism.

а) истинным b) в тексте нет информации с) ложным

30. International driving license is necessary only for tourists driving in.

а) ложным b) в тексте нет информации с) истинным

31. Укажите, какой части текста (1-4) соответствует следующая информация:

То be successful travel should be properly planned.

a) 2 b)l c)3 d)4

32. Not all countries require visa for entry.

a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 1

33. Ответьте на вопрос.

Why passport is important for travelling abroad?

1. It is valid for a number of years.

2. It proofs the identity of a person and allows to travel outside the country.

3. It can be obtained in special offices.

4. It is issued by government.

34. Определите основную идею текста.

1. There exist visa requirements in some countries.

2. Health protection is very important for foreign tourists.

3. Trip planning may be very simple.

4. Tourists should make all necessary arrangements before visiting a foreign country.

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27. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

AIRLINES

1. A major form of mass travel in the world's transportation network, airlines are organizations of people, airplanes, equipment, and buildings for transporting passengers, freight, and mail by air between specified points. The airliner is as significant economically and socially as the train, bus, truck, or ship.

2. In many industrialized countries, intercity air passenger traffic has been growing at a far greater rate than that of either railroads or bus lines. International air travel is so extensive that it is possible to reach almost any major city in less than a day. At the beginning of the 21^st century, more than 500 airlines worldwide transported passengers and freight.

3. Airliners travel along designated airways, or routes, in controlled airspace. The routes, which are numbered like highways on the ground, are set by radio beams sent out by navigation stations along the routes. Air traffic controllers are responsible for directing traffic on these routes. They follow international guidelines to ensure that aircraft on a specific route are separated by at least 10 minutes and/or a safe vertical distance. Most flights are routed with the aid of computers. The computer is provided with data about the freight, baggage, fuel, number of passengers and weather. It then prints out several possible routes and designates one as the most desirable, taking into account distance, time, and cost.

4. Airlines are classified by their routes and by their schedules. The two major classifications are domestic airlines and international airlines. Domestic airlines provide services within a country. International airlines, on the other hand, operate both within a nation and between two or more nations. The International Civil Aviation Organization (1CAO) also distinguishes between scheduled and nonscheduled operators. Nonscheduled airlines offer either domestic or international air transportation services, but they do not maintain definite departure or arrival times.

Определите, является ли утверждение

Domestic airlines provide services between different countries, а) в тексте нет информации Ь) ложным с) истинным

80

28. It is possible to route flight with the help of computer technology.

а) в тексте нет информации Ь) истинным с) ложным

29. Tourists can get by a plane to any major city within a day.

а) ложным b) истинным с) в тексте нет информации

30. A scheduled airline flight is usually filled with strangers going to the same destination.

а) в тексте нет информации Ь) истинным с) ложным