- •Теплоэнергетика
- •Module I
- •Participial Constructions The Absolute Participial Construction
- •I. The Absolute Participle Construction with p I (non-prepositional)
- •II. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p I
- •III. The Absolute Participle Construction with p II (non-prepositional)
- •IV. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p II
- •Self-Training Exercises
- •Translate the sentences into Russian and explain the difference between p I and p II. Define the functions:
- •Translate into English using the p II:
- •3. Define the Participial Construction with p I after the determinate word. Note that Participles should be translated in the tense in which the predicate of the main clause is used:
- •Define the Participial Constructions with p I, translate the sentences:
- •Translate the sentences. Define the Participial Constructions with Perfect Participle:
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Electrical Current Serves Us In a Thousand Ways
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Form four sentences using the words given below:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Text 2 Energy Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Find the participle in the text and define its function.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Compare a and b and define the function of the participle:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Module II The Gerund
- •Признаки герундия
- •Перевод герундия на русский язык
- •The Gerund can be used:
- •Text 1 Lightning Active Words and Expressions
- •Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the Gerund:
- •Complete the following sentences using the Gerund according to the model given below:
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function.
- •Put questions to the words in bold type:
- •Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •Text 2 Active Words and Expressions
- •Atmospheric Electricity
- •Exercises Complete the following sentences using the Gerund
- •Translate the following sentences using the Gerund.
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function:
- •A) Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs, wherever necessary.
- •What questions are answered by the words in bold type in the following sentences?
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to both, both…and:
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Form five sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in columns I and II:
- •Describe Franklin’s kite experiment.
- •Give a short summary of the text. Module III
- •Infinitive
- •Формы инфинитива
- •Функции инфинитива в предложении
- •Text 1 From the History of Electricity
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:
- •2. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the words in bold type:
- •3. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the Infinitive:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words one or for:
- •9. Explain the meaning of the following compound words:
- •10. Retell Volta’s biography. Text 2 Electric Current
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Exercises
- •1. Translate the following sentences and define the Infinitive constructions:
- •2. According to the models given below form sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in сolumns 1, 2, 3, 4.
- •3. Translate the following sentences using the Infinitive:
- •4. Make up questions and answer them. Work in pairs:
- •Explain why:
- •Define the meaning of the following words:
- •7. The following statements are not true to fact. Correct them:
- •8. Give headings to each paragraph of the text.
- •9. Put two questions to each paragraph of the text. Ask your partner to answer them.
- •10. Give an abstract of the text. Библиографический список
1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:
1. We shall translate this article. 2. Do you know this man? 3. They can translate this text without a dictionary. 4. To translate this article is not an easy thing to do. 5. We want to translate this article. 6. I remember to have seen this man last year. 7. To study much is to learn much. 8. To master a language one must work much. 9. The professor to deliver a lecture at our Institute lives in our street. 10. The experiment to be carried on is described in this article. 11. Can this work have been done in such a short time? 12. He must be reading a newspaper in the reading-room. 13. He was glad to have been traveling in Europe.
2. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the words in bold type:
1. The students carried out an experiment looking at the thermometer from time to time. 2. The cinema was invented before my time. 3. It is high time to begin work. 4. Four times three is twelve. 5. “Am I late?” “No, you are just in time”. 6. “What is the time?” “It’s dinner time”. 7. The students went to the club and had a good time there. 8. It took a long time before people learnt to split the atoms. 9. I shall be back in no time. 10. For a long time people did not know that lightning and atmospheric electricity are one and the same thing. 11. Lomonosov lectured at the University and at the same time worked in different fields of science. 12. I work in the laboratory two times a week.
3. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the Infinitive:
1. This is the device to be used in our experiment. 2. The thermometer is a device to measure the temperature. 3. Where are the articles to be translated by the students? 4. The letter to be answered was given to me. 5. The motor is a device to change mechanical energy into electric energy. 6. Russia was the first to use atomic energy for peaceful purposes. 7. Petroff was the first scientist to study the electrification of metals by rubbing them. 8. I was the last to answer the teacher’s questions.
4. Fill in the blanks with the words one or for:
1. Moscow is … of the largest cities in the world. 2. … must remember that it is necessary to study English at least an hour a day. 3. As … rubber it was brought to Europe as early as the 15th century. 4. … understands the importance of electricity when … sees trams, trolley-buses and trains driven by it. 5. The energy of the atom is used … peaceful purposes in our country. 6. … must know the chemical properties of the atom. 7. We produce rubber … it is quite necessary … the development of our industry. 8. In 1819 Volta returned to Como … he wanted to spend the rest of his life there. 9. There is a more important problem than that … . 10. I haven’t got a dictionary, I must have … .
5. Write out from the text all the sentences where the Infinitive is used, and define its function.
6. Make up sentences according to the model using the verbs given below:
Model: We could not help speaking about the
achievements of Russian physicists.
to answer, to repeat, to mention, to observe, to change, to think, to remember.
7. Give antonyms for the following words:
North Pole, dark, on the one hand, small, arrangement, larger, magnetized, unfamiliar, like, positive, similar, to rest, in motion.
8. Answer the following questions:
1. What types of electricity do you know? 2. What is the difference between electricity at rest and electricity in motion? 3. What kind of experiments did Galvani carry on? 4. What did Franklin prove? 5. What are the two kinds of electrical charges? 6. Who was the first to produce a steady, continuous current? 7. What was Volta? 8. What can you say about the behaviour of static charges? 9. What did Volta take interest in? 10. What did Volta’s discovery result in? 11. What did the Volta device consist of? 12. Where did he spend the rest of his life?