U NIT 4. TELEPHONING

R eading for Knowledge

1. Look through the following text and be ready to discuss the key issues of it: Speaking on the phone

A lot of people find it difficult to make phone calls in a foreign language – and that’s understandable. You can’t see the person you are talking to, their voice might be unclear, and you might find it difficult to find the right words.

Most of the important characteristics of telephone conversation are of course exactly the same as those of conversation which takes place face to face. There are, however, a number of differences which result from the medium of communication and the restrictions which it imposes. Conversationalists who can see each other are able to place a great amount of reliance on the facilities offered by such things as gesture and the presence of a common extra-linguistic context, to help in communication and the resolution of ambiguity. Telephone conversation, however, lacks these facilities to a large extent and so has a tendency to become rather more explicit than ordinary conversation.

The need for greater explicitness is further increased by the fact that sounds carried by telephone lines become diminished in their qualities of distinctiveness, and many of the small cues which help to maintain ready understanding may get distorted or lost. Thus there is more uncertainty in keeping up the give and take between participants which is so noticeable a part of face to conversation. Utterances that are unduly long will be avoided and a speaker will tend to leave frequent pauses for his partner to say something and prove that he is still there.

Finally, the highly formulaic nature of both the opening and closing of a telephone conversation may be noted – the range of accepted linguistic devices for carrying out these operations is relatively small as compared with conversation in general, the predictability of what is likely to be said at those points is probably considerably higher and the stylistic distinctiveness of what takes place is at times extremely marked.

Helpful tips for being courteous on the phone

• Use polite language to show you are really interested in conversation. With … “Would you like?” … you ask the same question as with … “Do you want?” … but in a more polite and friendly way.

• Use the caller’s name throughout the conversation. This makes people feel special and helps build rapport.

• Show you are serious about taking care of the caller’s request with your good listening skills and dependable follow-through.

• If you don’t understand the caller ask him/her politely to say that again or more slowly. You want to be sure you understand so that you can deal with the caller efficiently.

At the end of the conversation, don’t forget to thank the caller. A simple phrase like … “We appreciate your business” … or … “Thank you for calling” … leaves a positive impression after a phone call.

(Abridged from Can You Speak Over the Telephone. - http://lib/rus/ec/b/241511/read)

A-Z

Vocabulary Study

medium	способ, средство
restriction	ограничение
impose	налагать (ограничения, штраф)
conversationalist	собеседник
place reliance on smb./smth	надеяться на кого-л./что-л
facilities	средства обслуживания, удобства, приспособления
extra-linguistic context	экстралингвистическая информация (не содержащаяся непосредственно в тексте)
resolution	разрешение (проблемы и т. п.)
ambiguity	неопределённость, неясность
lack	не хватать, недоставать
to a large extent	в значительной степени
explicit	определенный, точный
sound	звук
diminished	уменьшенный; ослабленный
distinctiveness	отчетливость, ясность
cue	сигнал, подсказка
distorted	искаженный
utterance	высказывание
unduly	чрезмерно
formulaic	стереотипный, шаблонный
note	упоминать, отмечать
range	ассортимент, перечень
carry out	выполнять, делать
predictability	предсказуемость
courteous	вежливый, обходительный
rapport	взаимопонимание
dependable	надежный; заслуживающий доверия
follow-through	выполнение, доведение до конца