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3.Inland waters, vegetation and animal life in g.B.

  • Britain was originally a land of vast forests. mainly oak and beech in the Lowlands and pine and birch In the Highlands, with great stretches of marshland and smaller areas of moors. In the course of time, much forest land was cleared and almost all Lowlands outside the industrial areas were put under cultivation. Today only about 6 per cent of the total land area remains wooded.

  • The fauna or animal life of Britain is much like that of north-western Europe, to which it was once joined. Many larger mammals such as bear, wolf have been hunted to extinction, others are now protected by law. There are many foxes. Otters are common along rivers and streams, and seals live along much of the coast. Hedgehogs, hares, rabbits, rats and mice are numerous. Deer live in some of the forests in the Highlands of Scotland and England.

4.Mineral Resources and Economy of g.B.

  • Great Britain has a lot of industrial cities, such us London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol and others.

  • Britain is a great producer of coal and steel. It builds ships and manufactures machinery, chemicals and textiles. The industries are concentrated mainly in the central part of the country and in the south. This is the so-called “ Black country “, almost completely covered with factories and mines. Here coal is mined , and nearby there is iron ore, salt and clay.

  • Coal is richest natural resource of Great Britain and the most important source of energy in the country. The largest coal fields are located in South Wales, Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Lancashire . The coal fields are arranged in three groups: the southern, midland and the northern. The south: basin includes the South Wales, Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Lancashire and some smaller fields, and the nothern basin includes the fields of Nothumberland, Cumberla, and Scotland.

  • Great Britain is known for it’s High-quality steel, metalware and machinery. Iron ore is the most important of minerals mined in the country. The great bulk of iron ore is produced in England. The richest ores come from Cumberland, Lancashire and Staffordshire.

  • There are smaller deposits of tin, copper, lead, sink, chalk and clay in the country. Britain produces significant amounts of gypsum, limestone and dolomite. Small amounts of silver and gold are found in Wales. Still Grate Britain is not very rich in mineral resources and it’s economy relies now chiefly on import.

5.England.

  • The English law legal system, developed over the centuries, is the basis of common law[100] legal systems used in most Commonwealth countries[101] and the United States (except Louisiana). The court system is headed by the Supreme Court of Judicature, consisting of the Court of Appeal, the High Court of Justice for civil cases, and the Crown Court for criminal cases.

  • Тhe basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary system.

  • Geographically England includes the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain, plus such offshore islands as the Isle of Wight and the Isles of Scilly. It is bordered by two other countries of the United Kingdom—to the north by Scotland and to the west by Wales. England is closer to the European continent than any other part of mainland Britain. It is separated from France by a 34-kilometre sea gap, though the two countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel near Folkestone. England also has shores on the Irish Sea, North Sea and Atlantic Ocean.

  • England has a temperate maritime climate: it is mild with temperatures not much lower than 0 °C (32 °F) in winter and not much higher than 32 °C (90 °F) in summer. The weather is damp relatively frequently and is changeable. The coldest months are January and February.

  • England's economy is one of the largest in the world.

  • The Department for Transport is the government body responsible for overseeing transport in England. There are many motorways in England, and many other trunk roads, such as the A1 Great North Road, which runs through eastern England from London to Newcastle[152] (much of this section is motorway) and onward to the Scottish border.

  • The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded healthcare system in England responsible for providing the majority of healthcare in the country.

  • Тhe English language, today spoken by hundreds of millions of people around the world, originated as the language of England, where it remains the principal tongue today

  • Christianity is the most widely practised religion in England,

  • The Department for Education is the government department responsible for issues affecting people in England up to the age of 19, including education