4. Прочтите текст и выпишите все предложения с употребленной Инфинитивной конструкцией.

1. Carbon is found to be utilized for life processes.

2. Carbon dioxide is reported to contribute to the atmosphere by three main routes: volcanism, sedimentation of calcium carbonate and metamorphism.

3. Because animals cannot synthesize carbohydrates for themselves, they depend on food from plants or other animals for the energy they need to live.

4. For the stored energy to retrieve the organism takes in oxygen and, in its cells, combines oxygen with carbohydrate.

5. Photosynthesis is known to be the process by which green organisms use chlorophyll and the energy from sunlight to make carbohydrates - organic matter -out of carbon dioxide and water.

6. Photosynthesis and respiration appear to be reciprocal.

Task 5. Read the text and answer the questions in the written form

The Effect of Pollution on the Life Cycle

The effects of both air and water pollution on the environment are known to have been observed for years. A major lack of foresightedness has occurred not only in the business community, but in the consumer community as well.

It's a pity to realize that the natural world is under violent assault from man. The air and the water are being poisoned by radioactive wastes and chemical discharges. Forests are being destroyed and everywhere wildlife is disappearing.

Acid rain is found to be a global phenomenon as well.

Lakes and ponds go through definite life cycles. When a lake first forms, il contains pure freshwater and little life. It is easy for us to understand that plants and animals begin to live in the lake as it grows older. The organic matter from the plants and animals provides nutrients for other life to grow. A healthy lake is said to have a balance of nutrients and organisms.

Throughout its life cycle, a lake naturally becomes smaller as sediments and decayed plants fill its bottom. Plants grow in from the edges, eventually filling the lake. After a length of time ranging from a few decades to several thousands of years - the lake disappears.

This process is greatly accelerated by runoff containing sewage, industrial waste, and fertilizers feeding into the lake.

The lake becomes clogged by plants and algae that feed on the nutrients in these pollutants. When the plants and algae die, bacteria in the lake use oxygen to break them down. The more plants that grow, the more that die, resulting in more bacteria and less oxygen. Fish and other organisms eventually die from this lack of oxygen.

The lake dies due to the effects of the pollution. It is not easy for scientists to find the solution of these problems. These problems should be solved on three levels: internationally, nationally and personally.

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5. Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопросы в письменной форме.

1. What effects are known to have been observed for years? - The effects of both air and water pollution on the environment are known to have been observed for years

2. Where has a major lack occurred? - A major lack of foresightedness has occurred in the business community and in the consumer community.

3. What is a pity to realize? - It's a pity to realize that the natural world is under violent assault from man

4. By what are the air and the water being poisoned? - The air and the water are being poisoned by radioactive wastes and chemical discharges

5. What is found to be a global phenomenon? - Acid rain is found to be a global phenomenon.

6. What go through definite life cycles? - Lakes and ponds go through definite life cycles.

7. How are lakes affected by pollution? - Plants grow in from the edges, eventually filling the lake.

8. What balance has a healthy lake? - A healthy lake is said to have a balance of nutrients and organisms.

9. When does the lake disappear? - After a length of time ranging from a few decades to several thousands of years - the lake disappears.

10. By what is this process greatly accelerated? - This process is greatly accelerated by runoff containing sewage, industrial waste, and fertilizers feeding into the lake.

11. If lakes are already going to disappear when their life cycle is complete anyway, why is pollution such a problem? - Because the lake becomes clogged by plants and algae that feed on the nutrients in these pollutants. When the plants and algae die, bacteria in the lake use oxygen to break them down. The more plants that grow, the more that die, resulting in more bacteria and less oxygen. Fish and other organisms eventually die from this lack of oxygen.

12. What levels should these problems be solved on? - These problems should be solved on three levels: internationally, nationally and personally.

Task 6. Translate sentences into English in the written form

1. Ця проблема занадто важка, щоб інженери її розв'язали.

2. Погода, як видно, поліпшується.

3. Необхідно, щоб ці елементи мали однакову масу.

4. Здається, він добре знає англійську мову.

5. Бета-частинки виявилися ідентичними електронам.

6. Для того, щоб провести експеримент правильно, дозиметричні прилади повинні бути перевірені.

7. Наша основна задача міститься у тому, щоб зберегти природу для майбутніх поколінь.

8. Астрономи знають, що Земля являє собою єдину планету, де існує життя.

9. Відомо, що запаси прісної води на Землі обмежені.

10.Потрібні високі технології для того, щоб використовувати сонячну енергію.

11. Ми знаємо, що живі організми характеризуються здатністю до метаболізму

та відтворення.

12. Перше, що наше суспільство повинно зробити, це організувати агентства із

захисту навколишнього середовища.