2. Analyze grammar in the underlined words and word combinations (in writing).

2. Make up 5 questions of different types to the text (in writing). Text 13

1. Read and translate the text in writing.

In less than twenty years, mobile phones have gone from being rare and expensive pieces of equipment used primarily by the business elite to a pervasive low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile phones now outnumber land-line telephones, with most adults and many children using mobile phones. In the United States, 50% of children are using mobile phones. In many young adults' households the mobile phone has supplanted land-line telephones. In some areas in developing countries with scarce fixed-line infrastructure, the mobile phone has introduced telephony as such. It has given poor people in isolated communities access to services such as medical and legal advice. However, the mobile phone is also banned in some countries like North Korea.

With high levels of mobile telephone penetration, mobile culture has evolved where the phone is a key social tool with people relying on their mobile phone address book to keep in touch with friends, not least by SMS, and a whole culture of "texting" has developed from this. Since the first person-to-person SMS text message was sent in Finland in December 1993, today "texting" has become the most widely used data service on the planet, with 1.8 billion people as active users of SMS texting and the service generated 80 billion dollars of service revenues in 2006.In several countries internet access from mobile phones has become used by more internet users than access from PCs. Japan was first, followed by South Korea, China and India. In Europe several countries have proportions of 30%–40% of all internet users now accessing via mobile phones. Most mobile internet access is significantly different from PC based internet access, with services such as alerts, weather information, e-mail, search, and downloads of games. The mobile phone itself has also become a fashion object of totemic value, with users decorating, customizing, and accessorizing their mobile phones to reflect their personality. This has emerged as its own industry. The sale of commercial ringtones exceeded 5 billion in 2006 .

2. Analyze grammar in the underlined words and word combinations (in writing).

2. Make up 5 questions of different types to the text (in writing). Text 14

1. Read and translate the text in writing.

The system clock controls the speed of operations within a computer. This speed is expressed in megahertz (abbreviated MHz). One megahertz equals 1 million cycles (beats) per second. The faster the clock speed, the faster the computer can process information. In computer ads, you may see that microcomputers built with Intel's Pentium chip typically have a 133 MHz or 166 MHz speed.

Expansion Slots and Boards

Computers are known for having different kinds of "architectures." Machines that have closed architecture are manufactured in such a way that users cannot easily add new devices. Most microcomputers have open architecture. They allow users to expand their systems by inserting optional devices known as expan­sion boards. Expansion boards are also called plug-in boards, controller cards, adapter cards, or interface cards.

The expansion boards plug into slots inside the system unit. Ports on the boards allow cables to be connected from the expansion boards to devices outside the sys­tem unit. Among the kinds of expansion boards available are the following:

Memory expansion boards (cards): These circuit boards consist of several additional RAM chips, which increase the capacity of the computer's memory. Early microcom­ puter users found that additional memory was their first requirement for han­ dling newer, more sophisticated programs, such as integrated software. Memory can be added by using plug-in boards, which gives you expanded memory. Mem­ ory can also be added by inserting RAM chips directly onto the system board, which gives you extended memory.