Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments |
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Electrical Circuit Fusing
Most circuit protection systems fitted to aeroplanes use circuit breakers rather than fuses. However, where fuses are fitted to aeroplanes there must be a supply of replacement fuses for use in flight (for fuses which can be replaced in flight). There must be at least 10% of each type and fuse rating with the proviso that there are not less than 3 of each.
Windshield Wipers
Windshield wipers (or an equivalent means of clearing precipitation) are required to be fitted at each pilot station if the MTOM is greater than 5700 kg.
Items not Requiring Approval
The following items do not require an equipment approval:
•Fuses.
•Torches.
•Time pieces.
•Chart holders.
•First aid kits and emergency medical kits.
•Megaphones.
•Survival and pyrotechnic signalling equipment.
•Child restraint devices.
Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments 1
Seats and Harnesses
A seat or a berth is to be provided for all persons on board over the age of two. Each passenger seat is to be equipped with a safety belt with or without a diagonal strap, or a safety harness. Acceptable child restraint devices may be used for each infant.
Each flight crew member seat (including seats alongside pilots’ seats) is to be fitted with a safety belt and shoulder harness together with a device to automatically restrain the occupant in the event of sudden deceleration. Cabin crew seats are to have safety belts with shoulder harnesses (additional cabin crew may use passenger seats).
All safety belts with shoulder harnesses must have a single point of release.
For aeroplanes with a MTOM of 5700 kg or less, rather than belt with shoulder harness, the crew seats can be fitted with belts with diagonal shoulder strap.
For aeroplanes with a MTOM of 2730 kg or less, the diagonal shoulder strap is not needed.
‘Fasten Seat Belts’ and ‘No Smoking’ Signs
Aeroplanes in which the passenger seating is not visible from the flight deck are to be fitted with signs to alert the passengers and cabin crew when seat belts are to be fastened or when smoking is not permitted.
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Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments |
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Carriage and Use of Supplemental Oxygen |
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The requirements for the carriage of supplemental oxygen (an oxygen supply that supplements |
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the natural oxygen in the atmosphere) is summarized in the two tables below. |
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The minimum requirements for supplemental oxygen to be carried in pressurized aeroplanes |
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(Note 1), are as follows: |
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Supply For: |
Duration and Cabin Pressure Altitude |
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Aeroplane |
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Entire flight time when the cabin pressure |
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exceeds 13 000 ft and entire flight time when |
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Equipment |
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cabin pressure exceeds 10 000 ft but does not |
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exceed 13 000 ft after the first 30 minutes at |
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those altitudes, but in no case less than: |
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All occupants of flight deck |
(i) 30 minutes for aeroplanes certificated to fly |
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seats on duty |
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Instruments |
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(ii) 2 hours for aeroplanes certificated to fly |
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at altitudes not exceeding 25 000 ft (note 2) |
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at altitudes more than 25 000 ft (note 3) The |
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masks fitted to these aircraft must be “quick- |
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don” style |
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Entire flight time when cabin pressure altitude |
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exceeds 13 000 ft but not less than 30 minutes |
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2. |
All required cabin crew |
(note 2), and entire flight time when cabin |
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members |
pressure altitude is greater than 10 000 ft but |
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does not exceed 13 000 ft after the first 30 |
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minutes at these altitudes |
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Entire flight time when the cabin pressure |
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3. |
100% of passengers (note 5) |
altitude exceeds 15 000 ft but in no case less |
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than 10 minutes (note 4). |
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Entire flight time when the cabin pressure |
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4. |
30% of passengers (note 5) |
altitude exceeds 14 000 ft but does not exceed |
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15 000 ft |
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Entire flight time when the cabin pressure |
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5. |
10% of passengers (note 5) |
altitude exceeds 10 000 ft but does not exceed |
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14 000 ft after the first 30 minutes at these |
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altitudes. |
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84
Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments |
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Notes:
1.The supply provided must take account of the cabin pressure altitude descent profile for the routes concerned.
2.The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating altitude to 10 000 ft in10 minutes followed by 20 minutes at 10 000 ft.
3.The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating altitude to 10 000 ft in 10 minutes followed by 110 minutes at 10 000 ft.
4.The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating altitude to 15 000 ft in 10 minutes.
5.For the purpose of this table ‘passengers’ means passengers actually carried and includes infants.
The minimum requirements for supplemental oxygen to be carried in un-pressurized aeroplanes are as follows:
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Supply For: |
Duration and Pressure Altitude |
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1. |
All occupants of flight deck |
Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above |
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seats on duty |
10 000 ft |
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Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above |
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2. |
All required cabin crew |
13 000 ft |
and for |
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30 |
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minutes at pressure altitudes above 10 000 ft |
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but not exceeding 13 000 ft |
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3. |
100% of passengers (see |
Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above |
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note) |
13 000 ft |
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10% of passengers (see |
Entire flight time after 30 minutes at pressure |
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4. |
altitudes |
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ft but |
not |
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exceeding 13 000 ft |
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Note: For the purpose of this table ‘passengers’ means passengers actually carried and includes infants under the age of 2.
Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments 1
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Aeroplane Equipment and Instruments |
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Instruments and Equipment Aeroplane 1
Crew Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE)
All aeroplanes with certificated MTOM > 5700 kg or having maximum seating configuration of more than 19 is requires to have:
•Flight Crew: PBE for each flight crew member to protect eyes, nose and mouth (‘quick don’) and to provide oxygen for a period of not less than 15 minutes. The oxygen supply for this can be from the main supplemental oxygen supply. The ‘quick don’ is to be located such that it is easily accessible for immediate use by each required flight crew member. If the flight crew is more than one and no cabin crew is carried, portable PBE for one crew member meeting the above standard is to be carried.
•Cabin crew: Sufficient PBE for all cabin crew for a period of not less than 15 minutes. The PBE must be installed adjacent to each cabin crew member duty station.
•Additional PBE: Easily accessible portable PBE is to be located at or adjacent to the required hand-held fire extinguishers in galleys not located on the main passenger deck, or Class A or B cargo compartment. For the cargo compartment the PBE must be stowed outside the compartment but adjacent to the entrance to the compartment.
Crash Axes and Crowbars
Aeroplanes with a maximum take-off mass exceeding 5700 kg or having a passenger seating configuration of more than nine are to be equipped with a crash axe or crowbar located on the flight deck. Aeroplanes with a passenger seating configuration of more than 200 are required to carry an additional crash axe or crowbar stowed in the rearmost galley area. Axes or crowbars stowed in the passenger cabin are not to be visible to the passengers.
Megaphones
An operator shall not operate an aeroplane with a maximum approved passenger seating configuration of more than 60 and carrying one or more passengers unless it is equipped with portable battery-powered megaphones (‘bull horn’) readily accessible for use by crew members during an emergency evacuation, to the following scale for each passenger deck:
Passenger Seating Configuration |
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61 - 99 |
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100 or more |
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For aeroplanes with more than one passenger deck, in all cases when the total passenger seating configuration is more than 60, at least 1 megaphone is required.
Emergency Lighting
The rules for emergency lighting are complex and vary according to dates of certification and the approved passenger seating configuration. Generally, emergency lighting is required to be provided for evacuation of the aeroplane, which has an independent power source that provides power after the aircraft batteries have been switched off. The lighting can be provided from:
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