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Exercises

I. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

  1. Is Mr. Ivanov’s plant new?

  2. When did they build it?

  3. How long did it take them to build it?

  4. What does the plant produce?

  5. Do they make good equipment?

  6. Where do they sell their compressors?

  7. What were their sales last year?

  8. What did they do with the profit?

  9. Do the two businessmen want to cooperate?

II. Согласитесь с данными утверждениями или опровергните их.

  1. Mr. Ivanov is visiting Mr. Taylor’s plant.

  2. The plant is new, but it isn’t very big.

  3. They built the plant last year.

  4. It took them two years to build the plant.

  5. The plant produces computers.

  6. Their goods are of high quality.

  7. The company sells its goods abroad.

  8. Last year their total sales increased.

  9. They invest in training courses for their personnel.

  10. Mr. Taylor wants to establish business relation with the Russian company.

  11. The Russian company wants to place an order with Mr. Taylo’r firm.

III. Составьте словосочетания, используя слова из двух столбцов.

  1. easy to

  2. modern

  3. technical

  4. to be in great

  5. to establish

  6. to improve

  7. to increase

  8. to place

  9. to use

  10. training

  11. world

an order

courses

demand

market

operate

personnel

plant

relations

salaries

the profit

the quality

IV. Заполните пропуски предлогами, где это необходимо.

  1. Our goods are ___ great demand __ the world market.

  2. We export our equipment ___ many countries ___ the world.

  3. Last month our sales increased ____ 5% ___ $678 million.

  4. Do you have any training courses ___ your personnel?

  5. Our company built a number ___ new plants in China last year.

  6. We want to establish business relations ___ Steel&Co.

V. Заполните пропуски, используя приведенные ниже слова.

arranging constructed demand establish export improve increased invested operate orders quality reliable

  1. Our equipment is of very high ______, and it is very _______.

  2. We wanted to buy 20 computers from CBS. But then we _______ our offer to 25 computers.

  3. At the moment I’m ________ a visit to our plant for a British delegation.

  4. We hope to ________ good business relations with your company.

  5. Our goods are in great _______. A lot of customers place ______with us.

  6. When did you build the plant? – We _______ it five years ago.

  7. It took us two years to _______ Model A27. Now it is very easy to _______.

  8. Is your Model 6G in great demand? – Yes, we _______ it to many foreign countries.

  9. How did you use the money? – We _______ into new models.

Unit 5 Section a Grammar reference The Present Perfect Tense (Настоящее совершенное время)

Present Perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в форме настоящего времени (have, has) и причастия прошедшего времени (Participle II) смыслового глагола. На русский язык переводится глаголом в прошедшем времени.

I have seen this film.

Я посмотрел этот фильм.

- Have you seen this film?

- Yes, I have / - No, I haven’t.

I have not (haven’t) seen this film.

He has signed the contract

Он подписал контракт.

- Has he signed the contract?

- Yes, he has / - No he hasn’t.

He has not (hasn’t) signed the contract.

  • Present Perfect употребляется для выражения действия, которое совершилось в прошлом (время действия не указывается), но результат которого очевиден или имеет значение в настоящем.

  • Если время действия указано, тогда употребляется Simple Past:

He signed the contract yesterday (last week, 2 hours ago, etc.).

  • Present Perfect употребляется со следующими наречиями:

Just

только что

He has just signed the contract.

Already

уже ( в утвердительных предложениях и с оттенком удивления в общих вопросах)

He has already signed the contract. I have already seen this film Has he already signed the contract? Have you already seen this film?

Yet

ещё ( в отрицательных предложениях) уже ( в вопросительных предложениях)

He hasn’t signed the contract yet. I haven’t seen this film yet. Has he signed the contract yet? Have you seen this film yet?

Ever

когда-нибудь(в вопросительных предложениях)

Have you ever been to London?

Never

никогда (когда речь идет о действиях в прошлом)

I have never been to Spain.

Lately recently

в последнее время, недавно

I haven’t seen him lately. I have read this book recently.

Present Perfect может употребляться также

  • с обстоятельствами времени, которые обозначают еще не истекший отрезок времени, как например: today, this morning, this week, this month, this year и т.п.:

I’ve had a lot of work to do this week.

У меня было много работы на этой неделе.

  • с глаголами to be, to live, to know, to see, to hear для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается до настоящего времени. При этом, предлог for обозначает период времени, а предлог since – начальный момент данного действия. Также может быть употреблено придаточное предложение времени, вводимое союзом since (с тех пор, как) – начальный момент времени.

I have known her for ten years. Я знаю ее 10 лет.

The children have been here

since 5 o’clock.

Дети здесь с пяти часов.

They haven’t heard anything about Robert since they left school.

Они ничего не слышали о Роберте с тех пор, как окончили школу.