- •At a chemist's
- •В аптеках
- •A man who discovered chloroform
- •Человек, который открыл хлороформ
- •Is your dentist gentle?
- •Визит к стоматологу
- •У стоматолога
- •Diabetes
- •In a diabetic patient the pancreas swells, the tissues die and insulin production stops. That is why insulin has to be injected daily in severe cases.
- •Digestion
- •Пищеварение
- •Diphtheria
- •Endocrine glands.
- •Is the disturbance in the activity of the endocrine glands accompanied by the changes throughout the organism?
- •Железы внутренней секреции.
- •First aid
- •Первая помщь
- •Florence Nightingale Biography
- •ФлоренсНайтингейлБиография
- •Health service in england
- •Hippocrates - "the father of medicine"
- •Гиппократ - "отец медицины"
- •Hypertension
- •В больнице
- •Influenza.
- •In a few days, diminishing gradually, the fever fell to normal. The pain in the limbs and joints disappeared but a marked hoarseness remained for some days longer. In two weeks the man was well again.
- •Our food.
- •Patient physical examination
- •Pneumonia
- •Пневмония
- •Pregnancy
- •Беременность
- •Some rules for drug taking
- •If medicine is taken incorrectly, it may actually cause harm.
- •Некоторые правила употребления таблеток
- •Tablets
- •The abdomen
- •Is the liver a large organ?
- •The circulatory system
- •The digestive system
- •Пищеварительная система
- •The grippe
- •The hippocratic oath
- •The liver
- •The physician and the patient
- •Illness and its significance in the mind of the patient greatly influence the relationship between the physician and the patient.
- •Врач и пациент
- •The respiratory system
- •In the human organism respiration consists of those process by which the body cells and tissues make use of oxygen and by which carbon dioxide or the waste products of respiration are removed.
- •Дыхательная система
- •The stomach
- •Is man's stomach a simple organ compared with the complicated stomachs of the cow and other animals?
- •Желудок
- •What must you know about aids?
- •Что вы должны знать о спиДе?
- •Work of the human heart
- •Работа человеческого сердца
- •The patients need your help
- •4.If you help a person who has a sunstroke:
- •Пациенты нуждаются в вашей помощи
Work of the human heart
The human heart contracts from the first moment of life until the last one. The contractions of the heart pump the blood through the arteries to all the parts of the body. Physiologists have determined that in the adult the heart makes from 60 to 72 beats per minute. In children the rate of heart beat is much higher. Research work has determined that rate of heart beat increases depending on different emotions.
Each beat of the heart is followed by a period of rest. Each contraction and a period of rest compose a cardiac cycle.
Each cardiac cycle consists of three phases: the first phase of short contraction - the atrial systole, the second phase of a more prolonged contraction - the ventricular systole. The period of rest is called the diastole.
Research work of many physiologists has estimated the role of the ventricles as the main pump of the human heart.
Notes
|
pump |
насос, накачивать, нагнетать, выталкивать, выбрасывать |
|
rate |
частота, степень |
|
beat (beat, beaten) |
удар; ударять |
|
contract |
сокращаться |
|
systole |
систола |
|
diastole |
диастола |
|
atrium (pi. atria) |
предсердие |
|
ventricle |
желудочек |
Answer the questions to the text:
1. How many beats makes a heart of an adult?
2. Does the heart act as a pump?
3. Is the rate of heart beat much higher in children?
4. Is each beat of the heart followed by a period of rest?
5. How many phases has each cardiac cycle? Whatarethey?
Работа человеческого сердца
Человеческое сердце сокращается с первого момента жизни до последнего.Сокращений сердца качают кровьчерез артерии ко всем частям тела. Физиологи установили, что у взрослого человека сердце сокращается от 60 до 72 ударов в минуту. У детей скорость сердцебиения намного выше. Научно-исследовательская работа установила, что скорость сердцебиения увеличивается в зависимости от различных эмоций.
За каждым сокращением сердца следует период покоя. Каждое сокращение и каждый период отдыха составляют сердечный цикл.
Каждый сердечный цикл состоит из трех фаз: первая фаза короткого сокращение - систола предсердий, второй фаза более длительного сокращения - систолы желудочков.Период покоя называется диастола.
Научно-исследовательская работа многих физиологов оценила роль желудочков в качестве главного насоса человеческого сердца.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
1. Сколько ударов делает сердце взрослого?
2. Действует ли сердце как насос?
3. Является ли скорость сердцебиения намного выше у детей?
4. За каждым ударом сердца следует период покоя?
5. Сколько фаз имеет каждый сердечный цикл? Какиеони?
The patients need your help
The whole life of a nurse is devoted to people. She is responsible for her patient. Every nurse must have enough knowledge of her work. She must help her patients at any hour of the day or night. That's why you should know how to help a person in different situations.
Situation I.If you help a person who lost his consciousness:
-
Lay the person flat on the back.
-
Raise his feet a little.
-
Loose his dress.
-
Cover him warmly and open the window.
-
Sprinkle cold water on his face.
-
Give the person to breathe in ammonia water.
Situation 2.If you help a person who is in shock:
-
Lay him flat on his back.
-
Raise his feet a little.
-
Cover him with blankets to keep him warm.
-
Give him a warm drink.
-
Keep him quiet.
Situation 3.If you help a person with poisoning:
-
Empty his stomach as soon as possible.
-
Give him much water to drink.
-
Call in a doctor immediately.
Situation