
- •At a chemist's
- •В аптеках
- •A man who discovered chloroform
- •Человек, который открыл хлороформ
- •Is your dentist gentle?
- •Визит к стоматологу
- •У стоматолога
- •Diabetes
- •In a diabetic patient the pancreas swells, the tissues die and insulin production stops. That is why insulin has to be injected daily in severe cases.
- •Digestion
- •Пищеварение
- •Diphtheria
- •Endocrine glands.
- •Is the disturbance in the activity of the endocrine glands accompanied by the changes throughout the organism?
- •Железы внутренней секреции.
- •First aid
- •Первая помщь
- •Florence Nightingale Biography
- •ФлоренсНайтингейлБиография
- •Health service in england
- •Hippocrates - "the father of medicine"
- •Гиппократ - "отец медицины"
- •Hypertension
- •В больнице
- •Influenza.
- •In a few days, diminishing gradually, the fever fell to normal. The pain in the limbs and joints disappeared but a marked hoarseness remained for some days longer. In two weeks the man was well again.
- •Our food.
- •Patient physical examination
- •Pneumonia
- •Пневмония
- •Pregnancy
- •Беременность
- •Some rules for drug taking
- •If medicine is taken incorrectly, it may actually cause harm.
- •Некоторые правила употребления таблеток
- •Tablets
- •The abdomen
- •Is the liver a large organ?
- •The circulatory system
- •The digestive system
- •Пищеварительная система
- •The grippe
- •The hippocratic oath
- •The liver
- •The physician and the patient
- •Illness and its significance in the mind of the patient greatly influence the relationship between the physician and the patient.
- •Врач и пациент
- •The respiratory system
- •In the human organism respiration consists of those process by which the body cells and tissues make use of oxygen and by which carbon dioxide or the waste products of respiration are removed.
- •Дыхательная система
- •The stomach
- •Is man's stomach a simple organ compared with the complicated stomachs of the cow and other animals?
- •Желудок
- •What must you know about aids?
- •Что вы должны знать о спиДе?
- •Work of the human heart
- •Работа человеческого сердца
- •The patients need your help
- •4.If you help a person who has a sunstroke:
- •Пациенты нуждаются в вашей помощи
Tablets
The tablet is the most common form for the administration of a drug in a dry
state.
A tablet shows definite properties of mechanical strength and is characterized by a definite rate of disintegration with water.
It is observed that tablets can be made from certain drugs, even without the addition of auxiliary substances.
But for some drugs,, the addition of auxiliary substances is found to be necessary to overcome certain difficulties in their tableting.
The application of different pressure during tableting plays a very important role. It helps to avoid unnecessary complications. Tablets, which should dissolve in the mouth, must be more strongly compressed than other tablets for internal administration.
Another important effect of higher pressures is an increase in friction, which demands the use of greater amounts of lubricants and glidants. Glidants are added to the tablets to improve their flow properties.
Notes
the most common form of
medication
without the addition
auxiliary substances
to overcome difficulties
friction
lubricants
glidants
-
самая распространенная форма лекарственных препаратов
-
без добавления
-
вспомогательные (добавленные) вещества
-
преодолеть трудности
-
трение
-
смазывающие вещества
-
скользящие вещества
Answer the questions to the text:
-
What is the tablet?
-
What does a tablet show?
-
What is the tablet characterized by?
-
Why is it necessary to use additional auxiliary substances for somedrugs?
ТАБЛЕТКИ
Таблетка является наиболее распространенной формой для применения препарат в сухом состоянии.
Таблетки обладают определенными свойствами механической прочности, и характеризуются определенной скоростью распада в воде.
Замечено, что таблетки могут быть изготовлены из некоторых лекарств, даже без добавления вспомогательных веществ.
Но для некоторых препаратов, добавление вспомогательных веществ, оказывается необходимым для преодоления определенных трудностей в их таблетировании.
Применения различного давления во время таблетирования играет очень важную роль. Это помогает избежать ненужных осложнений. Таблетки, которые должны раствориться во рту, должны быть более сильно сжаты, чем другие таблетки для внутреннего применения.
Другой важный эффект более высоких давлений является увеличение трения, который требует использования большего количества смазывающих веществ и скользящих веществ. Скользящие вещества добавляются в таблетки для улучшения их свойств продвижения.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:
-
Что такое таблетки?
-
Какие свойства таблетки?
-
Чем таблетка характеризуется?
-
Почему необходимо использовать дополнительные вспомогательные вещества для некоторых таблеток?
The abdomen
The abdomen is the largest cavity of the body. It is bounded above by the thorax or chest and below by two pelvic bones which meet in front. From the cavity of the thorax it is separated by the great muscle of respiration - the diaphragm. Laterally and in front it is enclosed by the lower ribs and muscles. Behind, it is supported by the spinal column.
The organs contained within the abdominal cavity are: the liver, the gall- gladder, the stomach, the pancreas, the spleen, the kidneys and the bladder.
The liver lies under the right ribs and extends across to the left of the epigastrium. The liver is a large organ that weighs about 1,5kg. The liver plays a very important role in the vital activities of the organism. It is the liver that secrets bile which participates in the digestive process and has a defensive function, some toxic substances are detoxified in the liver. The gall-bladder serves as a bile reservoir.
The stomach lies under the left ribs and extends across to the right. It is known that its smaller end situates in the epigastrium. The stomach serves as the container of food, which is partly digested in it The size and shape of the stomach vary with the amount of food consumed and the extent of contraction of its wall.
Notes
abdominal cavity |
- брюшная полость |
stomach |
- желудок |
intestines |
- кишечники |
kidneys |
- почки |
gall-bladder |
- желчный пузырь |
bladder |
- мочевой пузырь |
epigastrium |
- эпигастральная область |
pancreas |
- поджелудочная железа |
Answer the questions to the text: