- •1. My Family Unit I: Meet My Family
- •Exercises:
- •The Use of Leisure
- •The Royal Family
- •Vocabulary:
- •The Royal Family from the Reign of King George VI up to September 1990 (order of succession to the throne)
- •Unit II: Appearance
- •Exercises:
- •I. Read the following words from the text:
- •IV. Work in pairs. Describe each other.
- •V. Things to do:
- •Unit III: Human Qualities
- •Exercises:
- •I. Read the following words from the text:
- •The Value of a Sense of Humour
- •The English
- •Dialogue
- •A Quiet Revolution?
- •2. Higher Education Unit I: Higher Education in Russia
- •Exercises:
- •I. Read the following words from the text:
- •Development of National System of Education in Russia
- •Vocabulary:
- •Students Rush for Higher Education
- •Education as a Way of Life
- •It became known recently that your graduates get diplomas recognized in the United States. Could you elaborate on this?
- •In what way is the Natalya Nesterova University different from others?
- •Unit II: Higher Education Abroad
- •Higher Education in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •Some Differences in the Organization of Education in Britain and America
- •Vocabulary:
- •3. My Flat
- •Exercises:
- •I. Complete the following sentences using the text:
- •4. My Working Day
- •Exercises:
- •Vocabulary:
- •5. Environmental Protection
- •Exercises:
- •The Great Whale’s Mistake
- •Your car is killing the Earth:
- •Why not ride a bike or take a train?
- •IX. A) Read and translate the text. Environmental Engineering
- •Содержание
Vocabulary:
College of Education ['kOlIG] – педагогический колледж (трехгодичный педагогический институт; в 1965г. такие колледжи получили статус университетов).
A-level ['eI'levl] – экзамен на повышение уровня по программе средней школы.
Grant [grRnt] – стипендия (обычно выплачивается студентам из средств гос. бюджета или местных органов власти).
Bachelor of Arts ['bxtSqlqrqv'Rts] – бакалавр искусств (обладатель степени бакалавра по одной из гуманитарных или математических наук в университетах). Сокращенное обозначение B.A. ['bJ'eI] ставится после фамилии.
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc. ['bJ'es'sJ]) – бакалавр наук, обладатель первой ученой степени.
Bachelor of Education (B.Ed. ['bJ'ed]) – бакалавр педагогических наук.
Master of Arts (M.А. ['em'eI]) – магистр искусств, обладатель второй ученой степени. Выпускникам Оксфордского и Кембриджского университетов эта степень присваивается без экзамена, на основании определенных сроков практической работы после окончания. Для получения степени магистра выпускникам других Вузов требуется написание работы на основе проведенных исследований. Наблюдается тенденция присвоения этой степени после года практической работы.
Master of Philosophy (M.Phil. ['em'fIl]) – магистр философии. Эта степень относится не только к философии, но и к математике, филологии и другим наукам. Работа, выполненная для получения этой степени, должна содержать частично материал, разработанный автором.
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D. ['pJ'eIC'dJ]) – доктор философии. Для получения этой степени требуется написание самостоятельной работы на основе трехлетних (и более) исследований. Можно сравнить со степенью «кандидата наук».
Doctor of Science (D.Sc. ['dJ'es'sJ]) – доктор наук.
Doctor of Letters (D.Lett. ['dJ'lIt]) – доктор литературы. Последние две степени можно сравнить со степенью доктора наук в России. Существенным отличием является то, что в Великобритании не требуется специальной защиты диссертации. Достаточно предоставить опубликованные работы совету или комитету.
Polytechnic [pOlI'tFknIk] – политехникум.
Sandwich course ['sxndwIC'kLs] – курсы «сандвич» (для работающих, обычно при техническом колледже, где занятия чередуются с работой на предприятии).
Open university ['qupn jHnI'vWsItI] – открытый университет, университет для всех (функционирует с 1971 года).
b) Answer these questions after the text:
1) Where is higher education provided in Great Britain?
2) Where are the best-know universities situated in Britain?
3) What is necessary for getting a place at a university?
4) Differentiate between the first, the second and the highest degrees given after the graduation from a university. What is necessary for getting these degrees?
5) What other institutions of higher education are there in Great Britain?
II. a) Read the text.
Some Differences in the Organization of Education in Britain and America
Differences in the organization of education in Britain and America lead to different terms. One crucial word, school, is used in overlapping but different ways. A place of education for young children is a school in both varieties. But the word school in B.E. is never used to refer to a university or other college of higher education. An American high school student graduates; a British secondary school pupil (never student) leaves school. To graduate is possible only from a university, polytechnic or college of education in British usage; graduating entails taking a degree. British universities have 3 terms; American universities have 2 semesters (or in some recent cases, 4 quarters). A British university student takes 3 years, in the typical case, to get his degree; these are known as the first, second and final years. The American university student typically takes 4 years, known as freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years. While he is studying, the American majors in a particular subject, but also takes electives; the British student usually takes a main and subsidiary subjects. The British term honours degree signifies that the student specializes in one main subject, perhaps with one subsidiary. The American student earns credits for successfully completing a number of self-contained courses of study, the credits eventually reaching the total needed for him to receive a degree. There is no counterpart to the credit system in British high education at present.
The British student who has already taken a first degree (usually a B.A. or B.Sc. except in Scottish universities) is a post-graduate; the American equivalent is a graduate. In American universities those who teach are known as the faculty; in Britain they are the staff, possibly dignified as the academic staff.
B.E. has no equivalent to A.E. co-ed a girl student, nor is there any B.E. equivalent of the American sorority or fraternity, i.e. nationwide university clubs or associations with restricted membership.