Delivery of the presentation

1. Address the audience. Speak to them directly. Try to locate one or two friendly faces in the crowd, people whose eyes and smiles tell you that they are favorably disposed towards you. That does you some good, by boosting your confidence.

2. Maintain the eye contact. Let your eyes move over the audience as you speak, focusing briefly on individuals and addressing that part of your speech to them, before moving on again. The purpose of this is that every member of the audience should feel that your words are intended for them personally.

3. Speak, don’t read. Practice before your performance. Make the presentation a part of you. Reading suggests uncertainty, speaking assets confidence.

4. Be logical. Organize the presentation with some logic in mind. Don’t skip randomly from one thought to another.

5. Use graphics wisely. Audiovisual aids should support the presentation and should be used more to tease than to provide full information.

6. Stop! A short, buttoned-up presentation is much more effective than one that goes on and on.

Hints for Success

• Good looks are important.

• Humour is very important.

• Rehearse the talk.

• Do not go overtime under any circumstances.

Keys grammar and vocabulary file

UNIT 1

Grammar Focus

Task 1.

1. Let me introduce myself. 2. I am proud to become a student of the Institute of Journalism. 3. I have always dreamt of studying at University. 4. It is my ambition to work in a big international company. 5. Good manners are the rules one follows in everyday contacts with other people.

Task 2.

1. How do you get here from your house? 2. Do you have any special reasons for learning English? 3. Did you graduate from school last year? 4. What do you like doing in your free time? 5. Why did you enter this faculty? 6. Did you do anything special last night? 7. What sort of music do you like? 8. What are you interested in?

Task 3.

1. isn’t it .... shall we 2. were you... would I 3. don’t you 4. need we 5. don’t we 6. are you 7. couldn’t you 8 wouldn’t you

Task 4.

1. What’s the English word for ‘рукопожатие’..?

2. How do you pronounce the word ‘courtesy’ ?

3.How do you spell ‘courtesy’?

4. What page are we on?

5. What’s for homework tonight?

6. Could you say that again, please?

7. Could you write ‘high-ranking’ on the board, please?

Vocabulary Focus

Task 2.

1. Apart from a degree/diploma, (c) he’s got a Diploma in Business Studies. 2. I don’t usually take initiative (j) in getting acquainted with people. 3. I don’t really get along with (a) my new room-mate. 4. If you get a moment, (h) could you help me fill in this form? 5. We got to know each other (b) and became good friends 6. She got through her exams (g) without too much trouble 7. Shall we get together on Friday (e) and go for a disco? 8. I didn’t get what he said (d) because the music was so loud. 9. I told that joke to Kate (f) but she didn’t get it. 10. If you can get some time off work, (i) we could finish the decorating.

Task 3.

1. If you want to get to know a person better, learn more about him or her. 2. When you get to the end of the test, tell me. 3. I can use e-mail now but it took time to get the idea of how to use it. 4. What time does he normally get home from the University? 5. You’d better get those wet clothes off or you’ll catch a cold. 6. Let’s get going – we are already late as it is. 7. If you put a coin into a vending machine, it might get stuck. 8. If you don’t know how to load some new software into your computer, you’d better get in touch with Tom. He’s a computer wizard. 9. The more you know of the culture of the country, the less likely you may get into difficulties. 10. It’s getting late, I hate to say ‘good bye’ but I have to go.

Task 4.

1. Let's get acquainted!

2. When do you usually get up to be at university on time?

3. Sorry, I’m late. I got stuck in the traffic.

4. I've got an idea. Let's go to the cinema after classes.

5. I’m afraid by the end of the semester I've got into difficulties.

6. Ann is absent from the lesson because she has got a cold.

7. Congratulations! Your English is getting better.

Part B. Grammar and Vocabulary

Grammar Focus

Task 1.

1b, 2a, 3b, 4b, 5c, 6c

Task 2.

I hated languages at school. I just wasn’t interested in learning, so I never did my homework and I was always bottom of the class when it came to exams! Maybe it wasn’t her fault, but I really didn’t get on with my teacher. She seemed to think I was a stupid young girl just because I didn’t know a past participle from an auxiliary verb (I still don’t actually). And even if I did learn English, there were no English-speaking people in my town, so who would I ever speak English to?

Things started to change when I got my first job, though. I spent my first two years in the Sales Department, and I had to speak English on the phone almost every day, which wasn’t easy. I didn’t really have enough time to go to classes, so at first I tried to study on my own.

I also persuaded an English-speaking friend to give me some private lessons and I started to make progress. I don’t know when it was exactly that I realized my English was good enough to do First Certificate, but I did .... and I passed!

So I don’t hate English any more. In fact, it’s made quite a big difference to my life!