IV. Translate the following into English:

1. Країна складається з чотирьох частин.

2. Вона займає лише 0,2 % поверхні землі.

3. Об’єднане Королівство відділене від Європи Північним морем і Ла-Маншем.

4. Населення країни - більш ніж 57 мільйонів людей.

5. В Об’єднаному Королівстві багато емігрантів з колишніх британських колоній.

6. Туризм відіграє значну роль в економіці країни.

7. Західне узбережжя країни омивається Атлантичним океаном та Ірландським морем.

8. Об’єднане Королівство це конституційна монархія.

9. У Великій Британії є три головних політичних партії.

10. Консерватори завжди були партією великого бізнесу, промисловості, комерції.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is an island state: it occupies most of the territory of the

British Isles. It consists of four main parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK is a small country (it is twice smaller than France and Spain) with an area of 244,100 square kilometers. It occupies only 0.2 per cent of the world’s land surface. London is the capital of the state. The UK is separated from Europe by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

The population of the United Kingdom is over 57 million people, who live mostly in towns, cities and the suburbs. The UK is inhabited by the English, the Scottish, the Welsh and the Irish, they constitute the British nation. Now there are many people of all colours and races in the UK, who are immigrants of the former British colonies. They have contributed to the multiracial nature of British society.

English is the official and national language of the United Kingdom. It is the second most widely spoken language in the world.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. Britain’s chemical industry is the third largest in Europe and the fifth largest in the western world. Nearly half its production is exported. Tourism plays a significant role in the economy of the country. Its attractions include a wide variety of interests, such as rich architecture, archaeology, arts and culture, its horticulture and scenic landscape.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Head of the state is the Queen. In practice, the country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. There is no written constitution in Great Britain. The main principles of British legislation are expressed in other documents like “Magna Charta” and “the Bill of Rights”. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

There are 3 main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. The Conservative and the Liberal parties are the oldest and until the 19^th century they were the only parties elected to the House of Commons.

The Conservatives, often called the Tories, have always been the party of the Right, the party of big business, industry, commerce and landowners. The Liberal Party represented the trading and manufacturing classes, but at the end of the 19^th century the Liberals lost the support of working class voters. The Labour Party has always had strong links with trade unions and received financial support from them.

There are also some other parties: the Green Party, the Communist Party, the National Front, the Scottish National Party, the Welsh National Party.

Britain is a member of the European Community. It is one of the permanent members of the UN Security Council.