- •Національний авіаційний університет
- •Oil and its products aviation fuels
- •6.091604 “Хімічна технологія палива і вуглецевих матеріалів” 6.090605 “Хімічна технологія високомолекулярних сполук”
- •Загальні методичні рекомендації
- •Module 9 oil and its products
- •Unit 1 oil and its products
- •Oil and its Products
- •Physical properties
- •Classification of Oil
- •Oil Products and their Uses Gases
- •Kerosene
- •Diesel oil
- •Fuel oils
- •Lubricating oils
- •Gear oils and greases
- •Other petroleum products
- •Petroleum
- •Unit 2 oil refining industry
- •Conversion of crude oil
- •Into useful products
- •Basic Refinery Processes
- •Conversion
- •Purification
- •Refinery Plant and Facilities
- •A technology for refining industrial waste oil and oil products
- •Supplementary reading Text 1 Raw Materials
- •Text 2 Types of Crude Oil
- •Text 4 Aromatics
- •Text 5 Gasoline
- •Text 6 Conversion to Light Fuels
- •Text 7 Bulk Transportation
- •Module 10 aviation fuels and fuel system
- •Unit 1 the power plant
- •The Power Plant
- •Verb-forming suffixes
- •Adverb-forming suffixes
- •Adjective-forming suffixes
- •Matter – substance, to include – contain – consist of – compose, goal – aim, complicated – complex, to use – utilize.
- •Types of Aircraft Engines
- •Exercise 14. Read and memorize the following word combinations with the term “engine”.
- •Gas Turbine Engine Operation
- •The Uses and Applications of Engines
- •Unit 2 fuel system
- •Fuel System
- •Unit 3 aviation fuels
- •Aviation Fuels
- •Physical and Combustion Properties of Aviation Fuels
- •Jet Fuels
- •Present Indefinite Tense Present Continuous Tense
- •Unit 4 fuelling system
- •Types of the Fuelling Systems
- •Fuelling Demands
- •The Fuel Checks
- •Fuel Sampling
- •Types of Fuel Checks
- •Unit 5 lubricatiom system
- •Lubrication System
- •Exercise 4. Translate word combinations with the terms “oil”, “pipe (line)”, “sump”, “pump”, “valve”.
- •Unit 6 lubricants and lubrication
- •General
- •Properties of Oil
- •Mineral Oils
- •Aviation Synthetic Lubricants
- •Supplementary reading Active vocabulary
- •Text 1 Environmental Impact of Aviation
- •Text 2 Lubrication
- •Oil and its products aviation fuels
The Uses and Applications of Engines
The reciprocating engine, turboprop, turbofan, turbojet, ramjet and rocket, each has its limitations as well as uses for which it is best suited. Let us compare the probable ultimate potential of various types of airborne vehicles.
The reciprocating engine which reached its ultimate in size and horsepower will long be with us as the workhorse of low and medium altitudes and airspeeds. Along with the shaft turbine, it finds new uses in helicopters and some types of converter-planes. The turboprop combines the advantage inherent in propeller-driven aircraft, of short take-offs with the higher and faster flying capability of the gas turbine engine. Generally speaking, the performance characteristics of a turbofan engine fall between those of a turboprop and a turbojet. A turbojet with its increased efficiency at quite high altitudes and airspeeds is ideal for high-flying, high-performance military aircraft and fast, long-range commercial airlines. The uses and applications of rocket engines are well known.
Exercise 29. Find in the text irregular verbs. Translate them. Example: be – was, were – been, go – went – gone.
Exercise 30. Put the verbs in the Past Indefinite Tense.
1. The history of Ukrainian aviation (to begin) a century ago.
2. After the World War II civil aviation (to develop) intensively.
3. New airplanes and helicopters (to appear) on home and international routes.
4. They (to be) faster and more comfortable.
5. In early 1980’s the IL-86 wide-body plane (to come) into service.
6. They (to carry out) fuelling the airplane.
7. The mechanic (to deliver) fuel to the aircraft.
8. The airplane (to land) on the grass strip.
9. The pilot (to make) a forced landing.
10. The passengers (to wait) for their flight.
Exercise 31. Make oral reports on the topics:
1. Classification of aviation engines.
2. The main components of a gas-turbine engine.
-
Types of gas-turbines.
Unit 2 fuel system
Active vocabulary:
|
1.control panel |
пульт керування |
|
2.instrument |
прилад |
|
3.light |
світловий сигнал; лампочка; світло; легкий |
|
4.condition |
стан; режим; умова |
|
5.switch |
вимикач; перемикач |
|
6.fuel |
паливо |
|
7.fuelling |
заправка паливом |
|
8.defuelling |
злив палива |
|
9.refuelling |
дозаправка паливом |
|
10.fuel jettisoning |
аварійний злив палива |
|
11.transfer |
перекачка |
|
12.supply |
подача |
|
13.deliver / supply / feed |
подавати, постачати, живити |
|
14.feed the fuel |
підводити, подавати паливо |
|
15.high-performance airplane |
літак з високими льотно-технічними характеристиками |
|
16.low-performance airplane |
літак з низькими льотно-технічними характеристиками |
|
17.store |
зберігати |
|
18.storage |
зберігання |
|
19.interconnected |
взаємопов’язані, з’єднані між собою |
|
20.manoeuvre |
маневрувати |
|
21.ensure / provide / guarantee safe and reliable operation |
забезпечувати надійну та безпечну роботу |
|
22.mode |
режим |
|
23.gravity feed system / simple gravity system |
система подачі палива самопливом |
|
24.under the force of gravity |
під дією власної сили тяжіння |
|
25.pumped fuel / pump-fed system |
насосна система подачі палива |
|
26.fuel tank |
паливний бак |
|
27.service tank |
витратний бак |
|
28.pump |
насос; нагнітати, подавати насосом |
|
29.fuel line |
паливопровід, паливна магістраль |
|
30.booster (pump) |
бустер; гідропідсилювач |
|
31.fuel boost(er) pump |
підкачувальний паливний насос |
|
32.valve |
клапан, кран |
|
33.check valve |
зворотній клапан |
|
34.shutoff valve |
перекривний (відсічний) клапан; стоп-кран, кран зупинки (двигуна) |
|
35.drain valve |
зливний кран, кран для зливу |
|
36.fire shutoff valve |
пожежний кран |
|
37.fuel flow shutdown |
припинення подачі палива |
|
38.fuel nozzle |
паливна форсунка |
|
39.clogging |
засмічення, закупорка |
|
40.fuel control unit (FCU) |
командно-паливний агрегат (КПА) |
|
41.atomize |
розпилювати |
|
42.complex |
складний |
|
43.vary |
змінювати(сь), варіювати |
|
44.arrangement |
розташування; пристосування, пристрій, установка |
|
45.mount |
монтувати, встановлювати |
|
46.engine driven |
з приводом від двигуна, що працює від двигуна |
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text.