I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.

1. Thermography is used to produce office documents.

2. Nowadays xerography is less expensive than digital printing.

3. Ink-jet and laser printings are used to print labels and direct-mail letters.

4. Xerography uses a variation of the offset principle.

5. Laser printing is more expensive than offset printing.

6. It’s very cheap to print short-run colour jobs using digital printing.

7. You can print from magnetic tape or disk using dot-matrix.

II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:

1. thermography а) ксерографія

2. staple в) лазерний промінь

3. ink-jet printing с) струменева головка

4. droplet of ink d) термографія

5. xerography е) частинки матерії

6. duplicating f) термопластичний порошок

7. dot matrix g) матричний

8. laser beam h) краплина фарби

9 resmous powder і) склеювати

10. to collate j) копіювання

11. ink-jet head k) скоба

12. particles of matter l) струменевий друк

8. Fill the gaps using the following words:

producing, electrostatics, resmous, offset, collotype, ink-jet, etched, thermography, produced

1. … presses run at particularly slow speeds but you can print a high quality reproductions.

2. In copper engraving a steel or copper plate is engraved by hand or… .

3. In the … process the ink image is then coated with a …powder and the surplus is removed.

4. Offset duplicators are used for …. of black-and-white work.

5. The modern development of xerography uses a variation of the … principle.

6. In laser printing, the image is … by a laser beam.

7. Digital machines print either using … with toners or by using the … process.

IV. Which term does each definition refer to?

Silk screen printing, ink-jet printer, flexography, laser printer

1. A nonimpact printer that sprays tiny drops of ink at the paper to create characters or graphics.

2. A printer that uses toner fused by a laser. Most offices use this kind of printers

3. It is a direct letterpress technique, which operates according to the round-on-round principle. It owes its name to the elastic, flexible printing form. In case of this printing technique both rubber stamps and photopolymer printing plates are used as printing form.

d) The process of printing through the unblocked areas of a metal or fibre screen, with a free flowing ink which is spread and forced through the screen by means of a squeegee. Used in the production of coloured posters, showcards, decalcomania, printed circuits, etc. Originally the screen was made almost exclusively of silk. Natural silk meshes, however, are woven from stranded threads and have irregularities and a rough surface structure. Most widely used materials today are nylon, terylene and metal.

V. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the gravure printing, using the following information.

Advantages: Disadvantages:

Simple printing method and press High cost of plates or cylinders

mechanism Web-fed gravure viable only for Can maintain consistent colour long runs (300,000 +)

High speed Colour correction and last-minute

Straightforward drying by corrections difficult and expensive

evaporation Proofing expensive paper

Good results obtainable on cheaper