I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.

Characters in typeset copy are measured in units called ‘points’.

This system, was first developed in France

The terminology for the different parts of typeset characters forms a significant body of commonly used words

II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:

a) points 1)

b) 'cicero' 2)

c) metrication 3)

d) apex 4)

e) ascender 5)

f) character 6)

g) cross-spur 7)

h) condensed typeface 8)

i) unit 9)

j) width 10)

k) descender 11)

l) loop 12)

m) counter 13)

n) body size 14)

o) spine 15)

p) pica 16)

q) base line 17)

r) slice 18)

s) capital 19)

t) tail 20)

III. Fill the gaps using the following words:

units, character's, spaces, refinement, set points, widths, proportions, size

The most important measurement in control­ling line length is that of each………….width. This measurement is determined by dividing an em into vertical ‘slices'. These are called …………… or, more commonly in phototypesetting units. The number of…………… in an em varies from one typesetting system to another, but probably the most popular is 18; the more units there are in an em, the greater the possibility of ……………….. Units not only control the …………….. of characters but also ………………the between them. Although the actual ………..of the unit varies according to the size of type, because there are always the same number of units to any one em regardless of size, the ……………… remain the same.

IV. Read the following text and retell it. Typefaces

Before the advent of phototypesetting, there was a relatively small number of typefaces, because of the labour involved in cutting punches to the precise form required. In phototypesetting, however, the typeface can be reproduced from artwork, and this has resulted in the proliferation of typefaces now available.

It is important to realize that typefaces with the same name are not identical if set on different machines. For example, Baskerville set on a Linotron will not match Baskerville set on a Monophoto, As well as the characters themselves having a slightly different design, the set

widths and heights of the characters on the body may be different.

The relative ease with which typefaces can be copied, modified or created from scratch on a computer has brought about a proliferation of fonts from various suppliers. Curiously copyright in a font exists not in the design of the font, as you might expect, but in its name.

This has resulted in many foundries producing, as well as their own new designs, the same fonts as other foundries, but with different names. Listed here are some common typefaces and their alternative names: Antique Olive (Alphavanti , Oliva, Olivette, Provence), Bernbo (Aldine, Aldine Roman, Ambo, Griffo) Baskerville (Basque, Baskerline, Beaumont, BK), Bodoni (BO, Bodoni No2) Bauer Bodoni (Bodoni B, Euro Bodoni, Headline Bodoni) Garamond (American, Garamont, GD, Grenada) , Rockwell (Geometric Slabserif Rockland, 712, Slate), Times Roman (Claritas, Dutch 801, English, Euro Times, London Roman, Timeless, Times New Roman, TmsRmn, TR),

Goudy (Grecian, Number 11), Helvetica (Aristocrat, Claro, Europa Grotesk, Geneva, Gamilton, He, Helvette, Newton), Univers (Aries, Boston, Versatile, UN, Zurich), Futura (Alphatura Atlantis, FU).