- •Text 1 Basic printing techniques
- •I. Read the following sentences and discuss whether they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the derivatives of the following words: treat, define, raise, cut, tailor, print, deposit, reject
- •IV. Which printing process does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of different printing techniques
- •VI. Write a short description of basic printing techniques. Text 2 Letterpress
- •Read the sentences and discuss if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the letterpress printing, using the following information.
- •V. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 3 Offset lithography
- •Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the offset printing, using the following information.
- •V. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Gravure
- •Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Which term does each definition refer to?
- •Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the gravure printing, using the following information.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 5 Other traditional printing techniques
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •V. Write about modern development of flexography printing. Text 6 Modern printing techniques
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of the gravure printing, using the following information.
- •VI Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text.
- •Text 1 Originals for reproduction
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Improve, rigid, inserted, tracing, remove, minimize, reproduction, laid, retouch, cracking, reasonable,
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Compare different types of originals.
- •VI. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 2 Reproduction techniques for offset lithography
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Scanning
- •Compare line origination and halftone origination.
- •Read the following paragraphs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of other methods of origination.
- •Text 3 Proofing
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Discuss and compare different methods of proofing.
- •VI. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Electronic page planning
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Which term does each definition refer to?
- •V. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cad systems.
- •VI. Write a short description of electronic page planning process. Text 5 Film assembly, imposition and platemaking
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compose a plan and write a short summary of the text. Text 6 Origination for letterpress
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •Compare different methods of letterpress origination
- •Write a short summary of the text.
- •1. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English
- •Text 1 Typesetting in metal
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compare different techniques of typesetting.
- •V. Write a short summary of the following text: Photocomposition
- •Text 2 Desk-top publishing
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of desk-top publishing.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 4 Page layout software
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Compare different types of software for dtp.
- •V. Write a short summary of the text. Text 5 Type measurement
- •I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
- •II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
- •III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
- •IV. Read the following text and retell it. Typefaces
- •V. Choose two or three different types of fonts and compare them by their design.
- •Text 1 Digital Pre-Press Stage
- •Text 2 Direct Imaging
- •IV. Complete the text using the words:
- •Speed and Quality
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words:
- •Render the text in English. Text3 Fully Automatic Print Preparation
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text equivalents of the terms:
- •Simple, Safe Operation
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words:
- •VI. Write a synopsis of the text in English: Text 4 Central Remote Control of Ink and Regist
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text equivalents of the terms.
- •IV. Complete the text using the words:
- •Register Control via cpc 41
- •V. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words
- •Text 5 Coating and Drying
- •Text 6 Delivery
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in the text English equivalents of the terms:
- •IV. Speak on the Delivery of the sm 102, using the questions Unit 4 Paper and ink Text 1 Ink
- •Text 2 Paper
- •Text 3 The paper machine
- •Text 4 Types of paper
- •Text 5 Specifying papers
- •Text 6 Potential problems with paper
- •Unit 6 Finishing and Binding] Text 1 Finishing
- •Text 2 Paperback binding
- •Text 3 Hardback bookbinding
- •Text 4 Other methods of finishing
- •Text 5 Packing
- •Unit 7 printing units Text 1 Printing presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 2 Processing machinery
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 3 Letterpress printing machines
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 4 Offset Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 5 Printing Presses for Packaging
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 6 Equipment and Machinery for Flat-bed Screen Printing
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 8 printing units design Text 1 Sheet-fed Printing Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 2 Web-fed Printing Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 3 Printing Unit Design on Web Presses
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 4 Printing Unit Configurations on Web Presses
- •Vertical Blanket-to-Blanket Unit
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 5 Gravure Printing in the Packaging
- •Vocabulary
- •Text 6 Gravure Cylinder Manufacture
- •Vocabulary
I. Read the sentences and say if they are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
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In ancient times the screen was made of metal.
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The stencil helps ink to go through in the non-image areas.
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Using screen-printing you can print on any sort of material.
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Flexography means the same as letterpress printing.
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Die stamping process is similar to the gravure.
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When using collotype you don’t need screen.
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You can produce more than 2000 sheets from one collotype plate.
II. Find the equivalents of the following terms:
1. flexography а) гнучка форма
2. die stamping в) штучне волокно
3. drying tunnel с) анілоксовий валик
4. copper engraving d) флексографія
5. stencil е) ракель
6. to stretch f) трафаретний друк
7. squeegee g) вакуумна помпа
8. anilox roller h) трафарет, шаблон
9 synthetic fibre і) сушильний тунель
10 screen printing j ) натягувати
11 vacuum pump k) гравіювання на міді
12 collotype l) фототипія
13 dressmaking patterns m) тамподрук
III. Fill the gaps using the following words:
Fluid, squeezes, flexible, rubber, metal, frame, anilox
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The screen is stretched tightly over a frame of wood or …
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Rubber squeegee … the ink through the screen in the image areas.
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Screen printing presses consist of a … hinged to a flat surface.
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Fully automatic presses have an impression cylinder which holds the paper.
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Flexography uses … plates and thin … inks that dry by evaporation.
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Ink is applied to the plate by an … roller.
7. The flexographic plates are made from … or photopolymer.
IV. Discuss and compare the advantages and the disadvantages of screen printing and flexography.
V. Write about modern development of flexography printing. Text 6 Modern printing techniques
Thermography In this process the image is first printed in the normal way by letterpress or offset using an adhesive ink. The ink image is then coated with a resmous (thermoplastic) powder and the surplus is shaken off (from the non-image areas). The printed sheets are subjected to heat, which fuses the thermoplastic resin with the ink to give a hard, raised image. The result is glossy and simulates the results of copper engraving, but is coarser and much cheaper. It is commonly used for invitations, business cards and letterheads,
Duplicating This process is used mainly in offices, rather than by commercial printers, to produce circulars, forms, price lists and other items with runs of perhaps a few hundred where quality is not a paramount consideration. The quality of duplicators has greatly improved, giving a much sharper, cleaner result, but is still inferior to offset duplicating.
'Offset duplicators' are, in fact, true offset machines and are called duplicators simply because they are small and used for short runs of black-and-white work.
Xerography This process gave its name to 'Xerox' - the photocopier manufacturer which developed the process commercially. It works by utilizing the physics of electrostatics: particles of matter that are charged negatively and positively are attracted to their opposites.
The modern development of the process uses a variation of the offset principle. The toner is deposited electrostatically on a selenium drum or belt which then prints on to plain paper. The process is also used to make plates for small offset machines.
This process has developed in a dramatic way in the last few years: the quality has improved to near-offset standard, speeds have increased to 7,000 copies per hour or more and the larger machines can collate, print both sides and insert staples. Developments in laser printing are likely to produce further advances.
Laser printing In laser printing, the image is produced by a laser beam, which can output computer files prepared using word processing or desk-top publishing software. Sophisticated laser printing machines such as the Xerox Docutech are now used for printing runs of up to 500 more economically than offset printing. Typical products of this process are workshop manuals, timetables and other items with short runs. The process can also be used for items such as address labels, direct-mail letters and bar-coded labels.
Digital printing This process has been developed recently with the introduction of machines such as Agfa, Xeikon and Indigo. These print either using electrostatics with toners or by using the ink-jet process. They take desk-top publishing disks or PostScript files and transfer the image digitally to the printing cylinder without requiring a plate to be made. These machines are ideal for short-run colour which would previously have been uneconomical.
Ink-jet printing Ink-jet heads deposit droplets of ink on paper, in response to instructions given by paper tape, magnetic tape or magnetic disk. The image is produced by means of a dot matrix, which creates the letter or graphic image. As in laser printing, this process is particularly useful for labels and direct-mail.
Exercises: