2. Translate the word combinations into Russian without using a dictionary, then check with a dictionary:

• turbulent change

• prosperity

• plundering and profiteering

• cultural assimilation

• artificial wants

• inhibition of authentic local and global community

• capital control

• supranational recognition

2. Match the words with their definitions:

1.intellectual property	a. an official rule that limits or controls what people can do or what is allowed to happen
2.developing countries	b. The system and process of placing cargo material in a standard-size container, in which the contents are not rehandled as the container is moved between ship, rail, truck or other transportation modes.
3. restriction	c. A special area within a country that can be used for warehousing, packaging, inspection, labeling, exhibition, assembly, fabrication, or transshipment of imports without being subject to that country’s tariffs.
4. free trade zone	d. A creation of the intellect that has commercial value, including copyrighted property such as literary or artistic works, and ideational property, such as patents, appellations of origin, business methods, and industrial processes.
5. containerization	e. Low- and middle-income countries in which most people have a lower standard of living with access to fewer goods and services than do most people in high-income countries.

2. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. There’s not much you can do in protecting your intellectual property in China today, but someday you may be able to sue in an international court if your copyright has been infringed.

2. New commercial reality is the emergence of global markets for standardized consumer products on a previously unimagined scale of magnitude.

3. Well-managed companies have moved from emphasis on customizing items to offering globally standardized products that are advanced, functional, reliable, and low priced. They benefit from enormous economies of scale in production, distribution, marketing, and management.

4. What constitutes globalization is interaction that changes things, rather than leaving them the same.

2. A) Read the text: text c Anti-Globalisation

Critics of the economic aspects of globalisation contend that it is not, as its proponents tend to imply, an inexorable process which flows naturally from the economic needs of everyone. The critics typically emphasize that globalisation is a process that is mediated according to corporate interests, and typically raise the possibility of alternative global institutions and policies, which they believe address the moral claims of poor and working classes throughout the globe, as well as environmental concerns in a more equitable way. The movement is very broad, including church groups, national liberation factions, left-wing parties, environmentalists, peasant unionists, anti-racism groups, anarchists, those in support of relocalization and others. Some are reformist, (arguing for a more humane form of capitalism) while others are more revolutionary (arguing for what they believe is a more humane system than capitalism) and others are reactionary believing globalisation destroys national industry and jobs.

In terms of the controversial global migration issue, disputes revolve around both its causes, whether and to what extent it is voluntary or involuntary, necessary or unnecessary; and its effects, whether beneficial, or socially and environmentally costly. Proponents tend to see migration simply as a process whereby white and blue collar workers may go from one country to another to provide their services, while critics tend to emphasize negative causes such as economic, political, and environmental insecurity, and cite as one notable effect, the link between migration and the enormous growth of urban slums in developing countries. According to "The Challenge of Slums," a 2003 UN-Habitat report, "the cyclical nature of capitalism, increased demand for skilled versus unskilled labour, and the negative effects of globalisation — in particular, global economic booms and busts that ratchet up inequality and distribute new wealth unevenly — contribute to the enormous growth of slums."

Various aspects of globalisation are seen as harmful by public-interest activists as well as strong state nationalists. This movement has no unified name. "Anti-globalisation" is the media's preferred term; it can lead to some confusion, as activists typically oppose certain aspects or forms of globalisation, not globalisation per se. Activists themselves, for example Noam Chomsky, have said that this name is meaningless as the aim of the movement is to globalise justice. Indeed, the global justice movement is a common name. Many activists also unite under the slogan "another world is possible", which has given rise to names such as altermondialisme in French.

There are a wide variety of kinds of "anti-globalisation". In general, critics claim that the results of globalisation have not been what was predicted when the attempt to increase free trade began, and that many institutions involved in the system of globalisation have not taken the interests of poorer nations, the working class, and the natural environment into account. Economic arguments by fair trade theorists claim that unrestricted free trade benefits those with more financial leverage (i.e. the rich) at the expense of the poor. Some opponents of globalisation see the phenomenon as the promotion of corporatist interests, which is intent on constricting the freedoms of individuals in the name of profit. They also claim that the increasing autonomy and strength of corporate entities shapes the political policy of nation-states.

Some "anti-globalisation" groups argue that globalisation is necessarily imperialistic, is one of the driving reasons behind the Iraq war and is forcing savings to flow into the United States rather than developing nations; it can therefore be said that "globalisation" is another term for a form of Americanization, as it is believed by some observers that the United States could be one of the few countries (if not the only one) to truly profit from globalisation.

Some argue that globalisation imposes credit-based economics, resulting in unsustainable growth of debt and debt crises. The financial crises in Southeast Asia that began in 1997 in the relatively small, debt-ridden economy of Thailand but quickly spread to Malaysia, Indonesia, South Korea and eventually were felt all around the world, demonstrated the new risks and volatility in rapidly changing globalised markets. Anti-Globalisation activists pointed to the meltdowns as proof of the high human cost of the indiscriminate global economy.

Many global institutions that have a strong international influence are not democratically ruled, nor are their leaders democratically elected. Therefore they are considered by some as supernational undemocratic powers.

The main opposition is to unfettered globalisation (neoliberal; laissez-faire capitalism), guided by governments and what are claimed to be quasi-governments (such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank) that are supposedly not held responsible to the populations that they govern and instead respond mostly to the interests of corporations. Many conferences between trade and finance ministers of the core globalizing nations have been met with large, and occasionally violent, protests from opponents of "corporate globalism".

Some "anti-globalisation" activists object to the fact that the current "globalisation" globalises money and corporations, but not people and unions. This can be seen in the strict immigration controls in nearly all countries, and the lack of labour rights in many countries in the developing world.

b). Think of the titles to each paragraph. Underline the sentences which best convey the main idea of the paragraph.

c). Put 10 questions to the following sentences from the text. Use 5 types of questions (general, special, alternative, disjunctive and question to the subject).

1. Globalisation is not an inexorable process which flows naturally from the economic needs of everyone.

2. Proponents of globalisation tend to see migration simply as a process whereby white and blue collar workers may go from one country to another to provide their services.

3. Critics of globalisation tend to emphasize negative causes such as economic, political, and environmental insecurity, and cite as one notable effect, the link between migration and the enormous growth of urban slums in developing countries.

4. Critics claim that the results of globalisation have not been what was predicted when the attempt to increase free trade began, and that many institutions involved in the system of globalisation have not taken the interests of poorer nations, the working class, and the natural environment into account.

5. It is believed by some observers that the United States could be one of the few countries to truly profit from globalisation.

6. Globalisation imposes credit-based economics, resulting in unsustainable growth of debt and debt crises.

d). Translate the sentences into English:

1. Глобальная взаимозависимость усиливает дестабилизирующее воздействие развивающихся стран на международную среду.

2. Весомые экономические успехи Китая не привели к созданию высокотехнологичного производства и решению ключевых социальных проблем.

3. Необходимость регулировать транснациональные процессы вступает в противоречие с абсолютным характером государственного суверенитета.

4. Глобализация социального пространства заметно снижает возможности национальных государств действенно влиять на те или иные тенденции и явления, особенно в сфере неправительственных транснациональных институтов.

5. Либерализм эффективно разрушает властные ограничения свободы личности на национальном уровне.

6. Опыт европейской интеграции показывает, что становление институтов, способных регулировать процессы регионального масштаба, не подрывает демократического устройства европейских государств.

e). Make up a plan of the text and retell the text, according to your plan.