PROBLEMS OF OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH

Сборник текстов и упражнений

по безопасности жизнедеятельности

Йошкар-Ола

2009

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации

Федеральное агентство по образованию

Марийский государственный технический университет

PROBLEMS OF OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH

Сборник текстов и упражнений

по безопасности жизнедеятельности

Йошкар-Ола

2009

УДК 802.0=20

ББК 81.2Англ-923

P 64

Рецензент: канд. филол. наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков МарГТУ И.В.Тер-Авакян

Печатается по решению

редакционно-издательского совета МарГТУ

P 64 Problems of occupational safety and health: сборник текстов и упражнений по безопасности жизнедеятельности. Сост.: Н.Н. Глухова, О.В.Филипчук. - Йошкар-Ола:Марийский государственный технический университет, 2009.- 60 с.

Цель сборника, составленного с использованием аутентичных материалов энциклопедии Wikipedia, - научить студентов читать и переводить тексты по специальности и помочь в усвоении профессионально-ориентированной лексики.

Для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов II курса специальностей 280101.65, 280200.62, 280302.65, 280400.62.

© Глухова Н.Н., 2009

©Филипчук О.В., 2009

© Марийский государственный

технический университет, 2009

Содержание/оглавление

1. МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ АУДИТОРНОЙ РАБОТЫ………………………

Урок 1. Occupational safety and health……………………………………

Урок 2. Common workplace hazard groups………………………………..

Урок 3. Hazards, risks, outcomes…………………………………………..

Урок 4. Natural hazards…………………………………………………….

Урок 5. Man-made hazards…………………………………………………

Урок 6. Factors threatening the environment……………………………….

Урок 7. Climate change …………………………………………………….

Урок 8. Natural and man-made disasters…………………………………...

Урок 9. Emergency management……………………………………………

Урок 10. Ministry for the emergency situations…………………………….

2. МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ…………………

3. ПРОВЕРЬТЕ СЕБЯ………………………………………………………….

4. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1. Англо-русский словарь……………………………….

5. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2 Ключи к тестам………………………………………...

1. МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ АУДИТОРНОЙ РАБОТЫ

Unit 1

Подберите русские эквиваленты следующим словам, содержащим интернациональные корни:

cross-disciplinary, effect, public, reason, moral, risk, policy, criminal, potential, regulatory, action, medical, compensatory, factor, productivity, cooperation, technical, discipline, industrial, hygiene

Прочитайте текст. Пользуясь словарем, определите значение незнакомых слов и выпишите их в тетрадь.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. As a secondary effect OSH may also protect employers, customers, suppliers, and members of the public who may experience an impact from the workplace environment.

The primary and the most prominent reason for establishing occupational safety and health (OSH) standards is moral - an employee should not have to expect that by coming to work life or limb is at risk. Thus, occupational safety is the prevention and reduction of the number of hazards at the places of employment with safe and healthful working conditions. Health and safety at work is one of the most important social policy areas in many countries. It is also one of the most challenging: every five seconds a worker in the countries of European Union, for example, is involved in a work-related accident, and every two hours one worker dies in an accident at work.

OSH standards are further reinforced in both civil law and criminal law; it is accepted that without the extra "encouragement" of potential regulatory action or litigation, many organizations would not act upon their implied moral obligations.

A further factor that favors OSH is economic. Many governments realize that poor occupational safety and health performance results in cost to the State (e.g. through social security payments to the incapacitated, costs for medical treatment, and the loss of the "employability" of the worker). Employing organizations also sustain costs in the event of an incident at work. They are legal fees, fines, compensatory damages, investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the workforce, from customers and from the wider community.

In many EU countries, USA and Canada there is strong cooperation between employer and worker organizations (e.g. Unions) to ensure good OSH performance as it is recognized this has benefits for both the worker (through maintenance of health) and the enterprise (through improved productivity and quality). Prevention of fire often comes within the remit of health and safety professionals as well.

Occupational safety and health may involve interaction among several technical disciplines, including occupational medicine, occupational (or industrial) hygiene, safety engineering, health physics, ergonomics, toxicology, and psychology.