978-3-8484-4254-6 Изданный вариант менеджмент
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ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ȼȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ
Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɧɚɪɯɢɡɦ ɨɛ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ȼɟɛɟɪ Ɇɚɤɫ Ⱦɠɨɛɫ ɋɬɢɜ Ⱦɪɭɤɟɪ ɉɢɬɟɪ
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɫ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɨɦ Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ Ʉɟɪɠɟɧɰɟɜ ɉɥɚɬɨɧ Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɨɜɢɱ Ʉɢɛɟɪɧɟɬɢɤɚ Ʉɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ Ʉɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɵ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ Ʌɨɪɚɧɚ Ɍɟɜɟɧɨ Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ʉɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ʉɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ Ɇɚɤɢɚɜɟɥɥɢ ɇɢɤɨɥɨ Ɇɚɪɤɫ Ʉɚɪɥ Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɟɪ Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɢɚɥɢɡɦ Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ Ɇɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ Ɇɷɣɨ ɗɥɬɨɧ
ɇɟɣɪɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɇɟɨ ɥɢɞɟɪɫɬɜɨ Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ Ɏ Ɍɟɣɥɨɪɚ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ɉɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ɉɭɷɧ Ɋɨɛɟɪɬ Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɉɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ȼɢɞɵ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɨɥɚɧɶɢ Ʉɚɪɥ ɉɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɢ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɉɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɟ Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ Ɋɢɫɤɢ ɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɟ ɋɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɚɤɰɢɨɧɢɡɦ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɋɬɢɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɋɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɍɟɣɥɨɪ Ɏɪɟɞɟɪɢɤ ɍɢɧɫɥɨɭ Ɍɟɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ Ɍɟɨɪɢɢ ɥɢɞɟɪɫɬɜɚ Ɍɟɨɪɢɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ
Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɤɜɚɡɢɪɟɧɬɵ ɨɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ Ƚɟɪɰɛɟɪɝɚ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ɋ Ʉɨɭɡɚ ɢ Ɏ ɇɚɣɬɚ
Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɩɬɨɜɢɤɚ ɢ ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɰɟɜ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ⱥɥɱɹɧɚ ɢ Ɍ Ⱦɟɦɫɟɰɚ Ɍɢɩɵ ɪɵɧɤɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɍɢɥɶɹɦɫɨɧ Ɉɥɢɜɟɪ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɍɱɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ȼɢɞɵ ɭɱɟɬɚ Ɏɚɣɨɥɶ Ⱥɧɪɢ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɶ ɐɟɥɢ ɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɗɦɟɪɞɠɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɗɬɢɤɚ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ
ɗɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ
Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
ȼȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ ɋɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɦ
ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ©Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬªɨɬ ʋ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɭɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ©ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪª ɐɟɥɶɸ ɝɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ Ƚɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɣ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɭ ɢ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɹ ɫɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤɚ ©ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚª ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɜ ɤɭɪɫɟ ©Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬª ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɭ
ɐɟɥɶɸ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ Ƚɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɣ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɭ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚȼ ɝɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɢ ɢɡɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɤ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɢ ɡɚɱɟɬɭ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɭ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɵ ɝɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɹ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɂɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɜ ɝɥɨɫɫɚɪɢɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɨɝɢɤɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ