Angliyskiy

4.What do you know about the City?

5.Who was St Paul’s Cathedral built by?

6.Who founded the Tower of London? When was it rebuilt?

7.What is the historic, the governmental part of London?

8.What building has more historic associations than any other building in London?

9.What is Big Ben?

10.Can you describe Trafalgar Square?

11.Where do the working people of London live?

12.What are the most famous London museums and art galleries?

XX. Give English equivalents for the following:

торговый, население, принадлежать, эпоха, финансовый, многочисленный, фирма, древний, поразительный, церковь, основывать, перестраивать, крепость, королевский, дворец, тюрьма, правительственный, ассоциация, короновать, выдающийся, государственный деятель, ученый, художник, хоронить, башня, официальная резиденция, богатство, богатый, символ, роскошь, ресторан, великолепный, в память о, колонна, содержать, бесценный, рукопись, монета, скульптура, быть знаменитым ..., мастерская, док, узкий, густо, населять.

XXI. Choose the right answer

1.Where are Government offices situated? (Downing Street, Trafalgar Square, Whitehall).

2.What is the official residence of the Queen? (Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace, Westminster Palace).

3.What is the place of Coronations and Royal Weddings? (St. Paul’s Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, Buckingham Palace).

4.Where did Sherlock Holmes live? (Piccadilly Circus, Baker Street, Harley Street).

5.What Street is the residence of the Prime Minister? (Oxford Street, Fleet Street, Downing Street).

6.Where is the monument to Nelson (Hyde Park, Trafalgar Square, the Tower).

7.Where are all the newspaper offices situated (Oxford Street, Fleet Street, Baker Street).

8.Where does the Thames flow into? (The North Sea, the Irish Sea, the English Channel).

9.Sir Christopher Wren is a famous English (astronaut, archaeologist, architect).

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XXII. Insert prepositions.

1.St. Paul’s cathedral was designed ... a famous English architect Sir Christopher Wren.

2.The Tower of London was founded ... Julius Caesar.

3.The British Museum is famous ... its library.

4.Trafalgar Square was named ... memory ... Admiral Nelson.

5.Buckingham Palace is the official residence ... the Queen.

6.The river Thames flows ... the North Sea.

7.Over a million people come ... to the City to work.

8.St. Paul’s Cathedral is full ... monuments.

9.The Tower of London was used ... a prison, a fortress.

10.There are many other places ... interest in London.

11.Three Queens of England have been beheaded ... the Tower

... London.

12.London is divided ... the West End and the East End.

XXIII. See the List of Characters and say where and why these people will go in London.

Model: Dave Brown, a member of the Labour Party.

He will go to Hyde Park, to Speakers Corner. Dave is going to present some ideas from the program of the Labour party.

List of Characters.

•Susan and Paul (the bride and the groom);

•Peter Ivanov (a journalist from “Moscow News”);

•Tom Morgan (a numismatist from Washington);

•Nancy Burns (a five-year student of Oxford University. Interested in myths and legends of Ancient Rome);

•Jimmy Brody (a surgeon, works at New York hospital);

•Denis Colt (a businessman, who wants to sell his shares);

•Professor Hopkins (a teacher of History at New York University. Interested in Architecture);

•George Smith (a member of the Liberal Party);

•John Benson (a sculptor from Chicago);

•Vasya Volkov (a student from Chelyabinsk Agroengineering Academy).

XXIV. Answer the following questions:

1. What river does London stand on?

2. Prove that London is an ancient city.

3. Pick out some facts to show that:

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-the City is a financial and business centre of London; -the West End is the richest part of London;

-the best-known streets are in the West End.

4.Explain why there is a monument to Admiral Nelson in Trafalgar Square.

5.Say if Hyde Park is popular in London.

6.Say in what way these dates and figures are connected with London’s History:

-1805 - 1066

-45 -17,5

7.Speak about St. Paul’s Cathedral.

8.Where is the biggest national library in the United Kingdom?

9.Where are great men of England buried?

XXV. Read the quotation and comment upon it.

“A man’s feet must be planted in his country, but his eyes should survey the world”,

George Santayana, philosopher and writer.

XXVI. Read the following definitions below and express your opinion on them.

a)Intercultural competence is the ability of successful communication with people of other cultures. This ability can exist in someone at a young age, or may be developed and improved due to willpower and competence. The bases for a successful intercultural communication are emotional competence, together with intercultural sensitivity.

b)Interculturally competent is a person who captures and understands, in interaction; with people from foreign cultures, their specific concepts in perception, thinking, feeling; and acting. Earlier experiences are considered free from prejudices; there is an interest and motivation to continue learning.

Can you say that you are interculturally competent? Are you prejudiced against any culture? Why? Give examples of most frequent cases of intercultural prejudices..

XXVII. Read the article below and fulfill the tasks after it.

Cultures can be different not only between continents or nations, but also within the ns company or even family (geographical, ethnical, moral, ethical, religious, political, historical). Here are typical examples of cultural differences. The perception is different and often selective:

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-In Arabic countries the odors (of condiments, coffee etc.) are often perceived differentiated ways than in, for examples, North America.

-In Asian countries the conception of time is rather past-oriented (ancestors, values), Latin American countries as well as southern European countries, rather present-oriented, and in western Europe as well as North America rather future-oriented (achieving goals).

Behaviour and gestures are interpreted differently:

-Showing the thumb held upwards in the Americas, especially Brazil and the United States, means “everything’s ok”, while it is understood in some Islamic countries as a rude sexual sign.

-“Everything ok” is shown in western European countries, especially between pilots and divers, with the sign of the thumb and forefinger an “O”. This sign means in Japan “now we may talk about money”, in southern France the contrary –“nothing, without any value”.

-In North America as well as in Arabic countries the pauses between words are usually not too long, while in Japan pauses can give a contradictory sense to the spoken words. Enduring silence is perceived as comfortable in Japan, while in India, Europe and North America it may cause insecurity and embarrassment. Scandinavians, by Western standards, are more tolerant of silent breaks during conversations.

-Laughing is connoted in most countries with happiness – in Japan it is often a sign of confusion, insecurity and embarrassment.

-In the UK and Commonwealth countries the word “compromise” has a positive meaning (as consent, an agreement where both parties win something); in North America and Ireland it may, at times, have negative connotations (as both parties lose something) (this phenomenon tends to happen in highly competitive atmospheres where consensus has broken down).

-If invited to dinner, in some Asian countries and Central America it is well-mannered to leave right after the dinner: the ones who don’t leave may indicate they have not eaten enough. In the Indian sub-continent, Europe. South America, and North American countries this is considered rude, indicating that the guest only wanted to eat but wouldn’t enjoy the company with the hosts.

-In Mediterranean European countries, Latin America, and SubSaharan Africa, it is normal, or at least widely tolerated, to arrive half an hour late for a dinner invitation, whereas in Germany and in the United States this would be considered very rude.

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-In Africa, Arab cultures, and certain countries in South America (not in Brazil), saying to a female friend one has not seen for a while that she has put on weight means she is physically healthier than before and had a nice holiday, whereas this would be considered an insult in India, Europe, North America and Australia.

-In Africa, avoiding eye contact or looking at the ground when talking to one’s parents, an elder, or someone of higher social status is a sign of respect. In contrast, these same actions are signals of deception or shame (on the part of the doer) in North America and most of Europe.

-In Persian culture, if a person offers an item (i.e. drink), it is customary to not instantly accept it. A sort of role play forms with the person offering being refused several times out of politeness before their offering is accepted. This tradition is known as ‘tarof’ which in Persian literally means ‘offer’. A similar exchange happens in many East Asian countries.

-In African, South American and Mediterranean cultures, talking and laughing loudly in the streets and public places is widely accepted, whereas in some Asian cultures it is considered rude and may be seen as a mark of self-centeredness or attention-seeking.

To be interculturally competent means to understand the behaviour of others and ways of thinking as well as the ability to express one’s own point of view in a transparent way with the aim to be understood and respected by staying flexible where this is possible, and being clear where this is necessary. It is a balance, situatively adapted, between three parts:

1. Knowledge (about other cultures, people, nations, behaviour)

2. Empathy (understanding feelings and needs of other people) 3. Self-confidence (knowing what I want, my strengths and

weaknesses, emotional stability).

XXVIII. Find some additional information about intercultural differences and present a report on the topic. Listen to your group mates’ reports and be ready to evaluate them.

XXIX. Many books about multicultural management suggest that the world can be divided into three geographical groups:

1)North America

2)Europe, Latin America, Middle East

2)Japan, China, East Asia

Try to match the groups to the descriptions below. Write the

number 1 – 3 in the box.

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Does our country match any of the description above? How is it different?

XXX. Here are some “do’s and don’ts” which may help you in dealing with the English. Read them carefully and then make up similar pieces of advice about the Russians.

•Do remember to shake hands on first meetings.

•Do make direct eye-contact with your British counterpart, however remember to keep it to a minimum or it could be considered impolite or rude.

•Do say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ whenever possible. Even when you get off the bus.

•Do accept a drink if offered. Remember it is your turn to buy the next round.

•Don’t fold your arms across your chest in a meeting. This indicates boredom.

•Don’t underestimate the importance of humour in all aspects of business in the UK. And keep in mind: the British do not announce their jokes. They just tell them.

•Don’t forget that instructions are often disguised as polite requests. “It is quite warm in here,” means “Could you please open the window? Now”.

•Don’t ask personal questions regarding your British counterpart’s background, occupation or income.

•Don’t talk in a loud voice or display disruptive behaviour. This is considered impolite and occasionally scares people. That is, unless you are in a pub.

•Don`t brag too much about your achievements, income, language skills, etc. It is ok to be proud of things, but be so in private.

XXXI. Writing. Make a report on the topic «Why is it important to be culturally competent in the modern world?» (in not less than 600 words)

XXXII. Read and translate the text.

Education and role of foreign languages

Education is very important in our life. An educated person is one who knows a lot about many things. He always tries to learn, find out, and discover more about the world around him. He gets knowledge at school, from books, magazines, from TV educational programs. The

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pupils can get deeper knowledge in different optional courses in different subjects and school offers these opportunities. They can deepen and improve their knowledge by attending different optional courses in different subjects. The result of the educative process is the capacity for Further education. Nowadays the students of secondary schools have opportunities to continue their education by entering, gymnasiums, lyceums, colleges.

But the road to learning is not easy. There is no royal road to learning. To be successful in studies one must work hard. It’s for you to decide to learn and make progress or not to learn lose your time. The role of foreign languages is also increasing today. Thanks to the knowledge of foreign languages one can read books, magazines in the original, talk to foreigners, translate various technical articles. Moreover, joint ventures which have recently appeared in our country need specialists with profound knowledge of foreign languages like English, German or French. To know foreign languages is absolute necessary for every educated person, for good specialists. Our country is transferring to a market economy. Research and innovations should improve living, working conditions of our people.

English is now the dominant or official language by many newlyindependent states. English is now the dominant or official language in over 60 countries, and is represented in every continent and in the three major oceans – Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific. It is this spread of representation which makes the application of the term «world language» a reality. The present-day world status of English is the result of two factors: the expansion of British colonial power, which peaked towards the end of the 19th century, and the emergence of the United States as the leading economic power of the 20th century. There are many different reasons why people study foreign languages, English in particular. Here are some of them: to travel abroad; to get good job to have something to do in your spare time; to be better educated; to be familiar with social and cultural life in other countries; to be able to participate in conversations with people from English-speaking countries. English is the language of international air traffic control, and is currently developing its role in international maritime, policing, and emergency services English is the chief language of international business and academic conferences, and the leading language of international tourism. English is the main language of popular music,

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advertising, home computers, and video games. A foreign language is not just a subject learnt in the classrooms. It’s something which is used in real life situations.

There are many reasons why we begin to study foreign languages. First of all it’s an effective medium of international communication. I’m convinced if we are working in any brunch of science we must read books and magazines in other languages. Learning foreign languages opens up opportunities and careers that didn’t even exits some years ago. Knowing foreign languages can help us to find a job in such fields as science and technology, foreign trade and banking, international transportation communication, teaching librarian science and others. A more general aim is to make our intellectual and cultures. Learning a foreign language including learning also culture, traditions and mode of thought of different people. Of course speaking and writing in a foreign language is a difficult art and it has to be learned. It has replaced French in the world of diplomacy and German in the field of science.

As for me, I’m completely convinced that to know a foreign language is absolutely necessary for all educated person and modern specialists. Everything depends on our own efforts.

XXXIII. Writing. Make a report on the topic “The differences between British English and American English”.

IRREGULAR VERBS

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