Крок 1 stom. по темам1

In histological preparation of the wall of an eyeball the structure which will consist of three neurons is determined. Bodies of these neurons form external, internal nuclear and ganglionar layers. What formation education of an eye has such morphological structure?

A.Retina *

B.Iris

C.Sсlera

D.Vascular shall

E.Ciliar body

To the patient transplantation of the cornea is executed. What features of cornea’s structure allow to hope for her it reparation, instead of tearing away?

A.Innervation

B.Multilayered epithelia

C.Absence of blood and typical lymphatic vessels*

D.Presence of the connective tissue

E.Simple epithelia

In an electronic microphoto the cell of neural origins is submitted. The terminal part of cells’ dendrite has cylindrical shape and will consist from 1000 closed

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membranouse disks. What it for a cell?

A.Rod-shape cell *

B.Neuron of spinal cord

C.Neuron of spinal ganglia

D.Neuron of the hemispheres

E.Cones-shape cell

At the patient at inspection infringement of perception recognition of green color is revealed. What absence of cells of retina causes the given infringement of sight?

A.Cones-shape cells*

B.Rod-shape cells

C.Pigmental epithelia

D.Bipolar neurons

E.Ganglionar neurons

During examining ophthalmologist found out that the patient does not distinguish blue and green, with normal perception of other colors. Dysfunction of what retinal structures is that?

ACones-shape cells *

BRod-shape cell

CBipolar neurons

DAmacrine neurons

EHorizontal neurons

Patient’s ciliary body was damaged. What function of eye was affected?

AAccommodation*

BLight-conductive

CLight-refracting

DProtection

ETrophic

The increased intraocular tension is observed in the patient with glaucoma. Secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliar body is normal. Injury of what structure of the eyeball wall caused the disorder of flow-out from the anterior chamber?

A Venous sinus*

BCiliar body

CChoroid

DCiliary muscle

EBack epithelium of cornea

At insufficiency of vitamin A at the person twilight sight is broken. Specify cells to which poses given receptor function.

A.Rod-shape cells *

B.Cones-shape cells

C.Bipolar neurons

D.Horizontal neurons

E.Ganglionar nervous cells

An infectious disease caused contractive activity of muscles that contract and dilate eye pupil (paralytic state). What functional eye system was damaged?

A Accomodative *

BDioptric

CAncillary

DPhotosensory

ELacrimal apparatus

A histological specimen of the eyeball shows a biconvex structure connected to the ciliary body by the fibers of the Zinn's zonule and covered with a transparent capsule. Name this structure:

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In a histological preparation the organ which wall has the layered structure, covered keratinized epithelium is submitted. Under basal lamina there is loose connective tissue which formated papilles. Dense connective tissue forms deep layer. What organ has the given morphological attributes?

A.Skin *

B.Tongue

C.Esophagus

D.Tonsils

E.Uterus

With age skin of human changed, which can be shown by reduction of its elasticity.

What elements of a connective tissue most of all provide its elasticity?

A. Ground substance

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B.Elastic fibers *

C.Epidermal cells

D.Collagen fibers

E.Reticular fibers

In biopsy material of skin in epidermis polyhedral cells which have granules of dark brown color in cytoplasm are found out. What are these cells?

A.Lymphocytes

B.Macrophages

C.Keratinocytes

D.Merkel’s cells

E.Melanocytes*

The patient with hepatites complains of an itch of skin. To what function of appendages of skin this symptom is connected?

A.Excretory of sweat glands*

B.Protective of sebaceous glands C.Termoregulatory of sweat glands

D.Protective of hair

E.Protective of nails

Between epidermal cells there are many types of cell with different shape and function. Which of them are derivatives of red bone marrow?

A.Langergans’ cells*

B.Merkel’s cells

C.Melanocytes

D.Keratinocytes

E.Pennet’s cells

The skin with damage of deep layer is injured. Due to what cells activity regeneration of the given layer will take place?

A.Erithroblast

B.Macrophages

C.Lymphocytes

D.Neuroblasts

E.Fibroblasts*

At patient А., 12 years, on skin white stain which have no pigment. Stain has appeared after 10 years, constantly increase in sizes. What absence of skin’s cells has led to occurrence of this problem?

A.Adipocytes

B.Melanocytes*

C.Fibroblasts

D.Plasma cells

E.Mast cells

In a limited area of the epidermis due to injury the layers are absent to germinativum. Name the cells that serve as the main source of its regeneration.

A Basal layer cells *

B Cells of strarum spinosum. C Cells of strarum granulosum. D Cells of strarum corneum.

E Cells of strarum lucidum.

A patient complains of dryness of head skin, itching, fragility and loss of hair. After examination he was diagnosed with seborrhea. Disturbed activity of which cells caused this condition?

ACells of sebaceous glands *

BCells of sudoriferous glands

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As a result of the thrombosis of an artery the destruction of contractive cardiomyocytes has taken place. Due to what cells there will be reparative regeneration in a zone of damage?

A.Fibroblasts *

B.Cardiomyocytes

C.Myosymplast

D.Myosatelitocytes

E.Smooth muscle cells

The serous liquid collects in pericardial cavity of the patient with pericarditis. With infringement of what cell’s activity of the pericardium this process is connected?

A.Mesothelial cells*

B.Endothelial cells

C.Smooth myocytes

D.Fibroblasts

E.Macrophages

At micropreparations of heart ther were distinguished rectangular shape cells with a centrally located nucleus, developed myofibrils, linked intercalated discs. Since these cells is associated function:

A Contraction of the heart*

B Conduction of impulses

CEndocrine

DProtective

ERegenerative

An organ of the cardiovascular system is at microscopic preparations. One of its layers is constructed of fibers that connected together. They are formed from cells that are connected by intercalated discs. What is the organ of the cardiovascular system?

AHeart*

BVein of muscular type

CArtery of muscular type

DArtery of elastic type

EArterioles

The man is diagnosed an epithelial tumor of the pericardium. What epithelium is a source of tumor development?

A Simple squamous *

B Pseudostratified epithelium

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Obliterating atherosclerosis causes changes in the vessels of the lower extermities. A histological specimen of such a vessel evidently presents both internal and external elastic membranes; middle membrane contains a lot of myocytes. What vessel is affected in case of this disease?

AArtery of muscular type*

BArtery of elastic type

CArtery of mixed type

DVein with strongly developed muscles

ELymph node

A specimen of the pia mater shows a vessel with no middle membrane in its wall, its outer membrane adheres to the surrounding tissues; the inner membrane is made up of the basal membrane and endothelium. Specify this vessel:

AFibrous vein*

BMuscular vein with weakly developed muscular elements

CMuscular artery

DArteriola

EMixed artery

At histological section of the vessel it is well expressed internal and external elastic membranes and many myocytes in the tunica media. What vessel is there in the section?

A.Mixed artery

B.Muscle artery *

C.Muscle vein

D.Elastic artery

E.Unmuscle vien

Walls of vessels have significant enough morphological disagreements in a structure of an average environment. Than occurrence of specific features of a structure of this environment in different vessels is predetermined?

A.Maintenance contents of hormones in blood

B.Influence of endocrine system

C.Regulation of the central nervous system

D.Inductive influence of autonomic nervous system

E.Haemodinamic conditions *

Arteries of the large calibre during a systole are stretched and and come back in an initial condition during dyastole, providing stability of a blood pressure. What presence of elements of the vessel’s wall it is possible to explain it?

A.Collagenic fibers

B.Muscle fibers

C.Reticular fibers

D.Elastic fibers *

E.Fibroblasts

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At morphological research in section of biopsy the irregular-shaped vessel which tunica media is formed by smooth myocytes and layers of a connective tissue is determined. What is a vessel?

A.Muscle vein*

B.Muscle artery type

C.Lymphatic vessel

D.Venule

E.Аrteriola

At the preparation blood vessels are presented. The intima is formed by endothelium and subendothelium, tunica media - bundles of smooth muscle cells, layers of loose connective tissue. The tunica adventitia is highly developed and formed by loose connective tissue and some smooth muscle cells. What is this vessel?

AVein of muscular type *

BArtery of muscular type.

CNonmuscular vein

DArtery of mixed type

EArtery of elastic type

At histological section there is shown a blood vessel. Its inner coat is composed by endothelium, subendothelium and internal elastic membrane. The middle coat is enriched with smooth myocytes. Such morphological characteristics are typical for the following vessel:

AMuscular-type artery *

BElastic-type artery

CCapillary

DNon-muscular vein

EMuscular-type vein

A vessel presents at histological section. Its wall consists of endothelium, basal membrane and loose connective tissue. What type of vessel is it?

A Vein of non-muscular type *

BArtery

CVein of muscular type

DHemocapillary

ELymphocapillary

A histological section of spleen there was identified a vessel with a wall consisting of endothelium and subendothelial layer, median coat is absent, exterior membrane knit together with connective tissue layers of spleen. What vessel is it?

A Vein of non-muscular type *

BVein of muscular type

CArtery of muscular type

DArteriole

ECapillary

At histological section presents an artery. One of the membranes of its wall has flat cells lying on the basal membrane. What type of cells is it?

A Endothelium *

BMesothelium

CSmooth myocytes

DFibroblasts

EMacrophages

A specimen of pia mater includes a vessel whose wall doesn't have the tunica media, the tunica externa is adherent to the surrounding tissues, the intima is composed of a basement membrane and endothelium. What vessel is it?

A Nonmuscular vein *

B Muscular vein with underdeveloped muscular elements

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preparation? A. Thymus B. Tonsils

C.Red bone marrow*

D.Spleen

E.Lymph nodes

On examination punctate of red bone marrow ther were found a significant decrease in the number of megakaryocytes. What will be with blood cells?

A Decrease the number of platelets*

B Decrease the number of red blood cells C Decrease the number of eosinophils

D Decrease the number of neutrophils

E Decrease the number of B-lymphocytes

In myeloid tissue punctate ther were found cells in which during the process of differentiation pycnosis and removing the nucleus are happened. What kind of hematopoiesis, characterized by morphological changes in the data.

AErytrocytopoiesis *

BTrombocytopoiesis.

CHranulocytopoiesis

Dlymphocytopoiesis

EMonocytopoiesis

Granulocytes are found at histological examination of biopsies of red bone marrow. What changes take place in the nucleus during differentiation of these cells?

ASegmentation*

BPoliployidizatsiya.

CPiknoz

Denucleation.

EIncreasing the size.

An electronic microphotograph shows a macrophagic cell with erythrocytes at different stages of differentiation located along its processes. This is the cell of the following organ:

A Red bone marrow *

BThymus

CSpleen

DTonsil

ELymph node

In the microspecimen of red bone marrow there were revealed multiple capillares through the walls of which mature blood cells penetrated. What type of capillares is it?

ASinusoidal*

BFenestrational

CSomatical

DVisceral

ELymphatic

In course of an experiment a big number of stem cells of red bone marrow were in some way destructed. Regeneration of which cell populations in the loose connective tissue will be inhibited?

A Of macrophages *

BOf fibroblasts

COf pigment cells

DOf lipocytes

EOf pericytes

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