Крок 1 stom. по темам1

B Macrophage

C Plasmocyte

D Basophils

E Small lymphocyte

In the experiment B lymphocytes were market in blood. Foreign protein was entered

the animal under the skin. What cells in the connective tissue will contain this mark?

A Plasma cells *

B T lymphocytes

C Macrophages

D Basophils

E Fibroblasts

Numerous plasma cells were found in the blood girl 16 years old, suffering from an

autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid gland. With the proliferation and

differentiation of what blood cells cause increase of plasmocyte?

A B lymphocytes*

B T-helper

C Mast cells

D T-killer

E T-suppressor

A student is given two smears preparations. One - the whole field of view covered by

erythrocytes, the second - defined blood cells in varying degrees of maturity. What

kind of smear?

A Blood and red bone marrow *

B Blood and lymph

C Blood frogs and human blood

D Blood smear and yellow bone marrow

E Smear of yellow and red bone marrow

At research of the patient's blood smear there were found the cells wich make up the

0.5% of total leukocytes and have S-shaped nucleus and blue granules in the

cytoplasm. What are these cells?

A Basophils*

B Neutrophils

C Eosinophils

D Monocytes

E Lymphocytes

Live vaccine is injected into the human body. Increasing activity of what cells of

connective tissue can be expected?

A Plasma cells and lymphocytes*

B Macrophages and fibroblasts

C Pigmentocytes and pericytes

D Adipocytes and adventitious cells

E Fibroblasts and labrocytes

In the blood of a 26-year-old man it was revealed 18% of erythrocytes of the

spherical, ball-shaped, flat and thorn-like shape. Other erythrocytes were in the

form of the concavo-concave disks. How is such phenomenon called?

A Physiological anisocytosis

B Pathological poikilocytosis

C Physiological poikilocytosis *

D Pathological anisocytosis

E Erytrocytosis

12

Myeloid and

In myeloid tissue punctate child 6 years cells are found. In these cells there were

lymphoid tissues

remove the nucleus during the process of differentiation. What kind of

of haemopoiesis.

hematopoiesis, characterized by morphological changes in the data.

Myelopoiesis and

A Erythrocytopoiesis *

lymphopoiesis.

B Trombotcytopoiesis.

C Granulcytopoiesis

D Lymphocytopoiesis

E Monocytopoiesis

At histological examination of biopsies of red bone marrow there were found the

cells of granulocytic group. What changes take place in the nucleus during

differentiation of these cells?

A Segmentation*

B Poliploidiya

C Piknoz

D Enucleation

E Increasing the size

At electron micrographs of red bone marrow ther were the megakaryocytes wich have

demarcation channels in the peripheral part of the cytoplasm. What is the role of

these structures?

A Formation of platelets *

B Increasing the surface area of the cells.

C Increase the number of ion channels.

D Division cell

E Destruction of cells

In punctate of red bone marrow ther were found a significant decrease in the number

of megakaryocytes. What changes in peripheral blood is accompanied?

A Decrease the number of platelets*

B Increasing the number of lymphocytes

C Increase the number of platelets

D Decrease the number of lymphocytes

E Decrease the number of monocytes

During postembryonal haemopoiesis in the red bone marrow the cells of one of the

cellular differons demonstrate a gradual decrease in cytoplasmic basophilia as well as

an increase in oxyphilia, the nucleus is being forced out. Such morphological

changes are typical for the following haemopoiesis type:

A Erythropoiesis *

B Lymphopoiesis

C Neutrophil cytopoiesis

D Eosinophil cytopoiesis

E Basophil cytopoiesis

13 Fibrous

A specimen of connective tissue of derma was stained with Sudan III and

connective

hematoxylin. There are clusters of big polygonal cells that turned orange. Their nuclei

tissues.

are flattened and located on periphery. What tissue is it?

A White adipose*

B Brown adipose

C Reticular connective

D Hyaline cartilaginous

E Lamellar osseous

E Cartilage

With age, the human skin is changed, its elasticity decreases. What elements of

connective tissue provide its elasticity?

A Collagen and elastic fibers*

B Ground substance

C cells of the epidermis

D cells of connective tissue

E Reticular fibers

A lot of stem cells of red bone marrow were destroyed in the experiment.

Development of what populations of cells in the loose connective tissue is inhibited?

A Macrophages*

B Fibroblasts

C Pigment cells

D Lipocyte

E Pericytes

Decreased blood supply to the organs causes hypoxia that activates fibroblasts

function. Volume of what elements is increased in this case?

A Intercellular substance *

B Vessels of microcircular stream

C Nerve elements

D Parenchymatous elements of the organ

E Lymphatic vessels

14 Development and

During the experimental analysis of chondrohistogenesis a sclerotome was damaged.

structure of

What cells will it make impossible to differentiate?

cartilage tissue

A Chondroblasts*

B Smooth myocytes

C Myoblasts

D Fibroblasts

E Epidermocytes

Articular cartilages don’t have perichondrium. What type of these cartilages’ growth

are in the process of regeneration?

A Interstitial*

B Appositional

C By imposing

D Appositional and interstitial

E Does not react

15 Structure of bone

The symptoms of regeneration process (callus) on the place of fracture were

tissues.

revealed in the histologic specimen of tubular bone. What tissue forms this structure?

A Fibrous bone tissue*

B Loose connective tissue

C Reticular tissue

D Epithelial tissue

E Lamellar bone tissue

D Basophils

E Osteocytes

16

Development of

On the Ro-gram of skeleton it is visible, that all three parts of pelvic bones are

bone tissues.

separated by intervals which answer an invisible cartilage on Ro-grams. It is typical of

what age?

A. To 25 years old

B. To 30 years old

C. To 16 years old*

D. Till 40 years old

E. To 50 years old

In course of indirect osteogenesis of tubular bone tissue a plate is formed between

epiphyseal and diaphyseal ossification centres that provides further lengthwise growth

of bones. What structure is it?

A Metaphyseal plate *

B Osseous cuff

C Osseous plate

D Osteon

E Layer of interior general plates

17

Development and

The regeneration process of damaged skeletal muscles іs very slow. What elements of

structure of

muscle fiber take part in the process of regeneration?

muscles tissues

A Myosatellitocytes*

B Myoblasts

C Smooth myocytes

D Myofibroblasts

E Myoepithelial cells

In clinical conditions trauma of skeletal muscles is diagnosed for the patient. The

fibers recycles slowly for the account:

A. Mitosis of the myosatelitocytes*

B.Division of the muscle fibres

C.Differentiation of fibroblasts

D. Increases in quantity amount of myofibrilles

E.Increases in quantity amount of sarcoplasm

C Nervous

D Connective with special properties

E Loose connective

In histological preparation tissue is presented, the basic structural unit of which is fiber

that consists of symplast and satellite cells, covered by a basement membrane. For

what tissue this structure is characterized by?

A Skeletal muscle tissue *

B Smooth muscle tissue.

C Cardiac muscle tissue.

D Loose connective tissue.

E Reticular tissue.

At research of striated muscle fibers after the influence of hydrolytic enzymes

fracture of thin myofilaments was observed. Which structures have been damaged?

A Actin myofilaments *

B Tonofibrils

C T - Systems

D Sarcoplasmic reticulum

E Myosin miofilaments

Patient with injured muscles of the lower extremities was admitted to the

traumatological department. Due to what cells is reparative regeneration of the

muscle fibers and restoration of the muscle function possible?

A Satellite-cells*

B Myoblasts

C Myofibroblasts

D Fibroblasts

E Myoepithelial cells

The development of mesenchymal cells was inhibited in experiment. Development

which muscle tissue will be disturbed?

A Smooth muscle tissue*

B Muscle tissue neural origin

C Muscle tissue epidermal origin

D Cardiac muscle tissue

E Skeletal muscle tissue

Negative environmental factors have caused the dysfunction of myosatellite cells.

What function of the whole muscle fibre is likely to be changed in this case?

A Regeneration *

B Contraction

C Trophism

D Contractile thermogenesis

E Relaxation

18

Nervous tissue.

A sensitive neural ganglion consists of roundish neurocytes with one extension that

Neurons.

divides into axon and dendrite at some distance from the perikaryon. What are

Neuroglia.

these cells called?

A Pseudounipolar *

B Unipolar

C Bipolar

D Multipolar

E Apolar

19

Nervous fibres.

At traumatic damage probably development of degeneration of nervous fibers which is

Regeneration of

accompanied by breakage of axial cylinders, disintegration of myelin. Due to what

nervous fibres.

nervous structures there is a renewal of myelin at regeneration?

Nervous endings.

A. Gliocytes

Classification and

B. Shwann cells*

structure.

C. Peryneurium

D. Еndoneurium

E. Аstrocytes

In conditional experiment action of toxic substance breaks the mechanism of the

nervous impulse conduction. What structure provides performance of the given

function?

A. Neurolemma

B. Synaps *

C. Neurofibrills

D. Мitochondria

E. Nissle substance

20

Control of

mastering of the

submodule 2.

21

Final test control

of the module 1.

MODULE 2

№

TOPIC

TEST

Spinal ganglion.

in this case?

A. Fantomic *

B. Reflectory

C. Kausalgic

D. Hypoproduction of encephalines

E. Hyperproduction of encephalines

E. Leucocytes

As a result of a trauma a patient has damaged anterior roots of spinal cord. What

structures have been affected?

A Axons of motoneurons and axons of neurons of lateral horns *

B Central processes of sensitive neurons of spinal ganglions

C Peripheral processes of sensitive spinal ganglions

D Axons of neurons of lateral horns

E Dendrites of neurons of spinal ganglions

2

Nervous system.

In a specimen that was coloured by method of silver impregnation some piriform cells

Cerebrum.

with 2-3 evident dendrites were found. What structure is being analysed?

Cerebellum.

A Cerebellar cortex*

B Spiral organ of middle ear

C Retina

D Cerebral cortex

E Spinal ganglion