2. Вивчіть наступні слова.

to occupy ['okjupaɪ] — займати

to stretch [stretʃ] — тягтися, простягатися

to include [ɪn'klu:d] — включати до складу; мати у своєму складі

to border ['bo:də] — межувати

lowland ['ləulənd] — низина, долина

to be located [leu'keɪtɪd] — бути розташованим

to vary ['vɛərɪ] — змінювати(ся)

copper ['kɔpə] — мідь

iron ore ['aɪənɔ:] — залізна руда

weapon ['wepən] — зброя

origin ['ɔrɪdʒɪn] — походження

the executive [ɪg'zekjutɪv] — виконавча влада

the legislative ['ledʒɪslətɪv] — законодавча влада

the judicial [dʒu:'dɪʃl] — судова влада

3. Дайте відповіді н запитання:

1. Where is the USA situated?

2. What's the total area of the country ?

3. What countries does the USA border on ?

4. How many states does the USA consist of?

5. What is the capital of the country ?

6. Can you name any other cities in the USA ?

7. What is the population of the United States?

8. What mountains in the USA do you know?

9. What are the largest rivers?

10. What can you say about the climate of the country?

11. What does the USA produce?

12. According to the Constitution of the USA, the powers of the government are divided into three main branches. What are they?

13. How many chambers does the Congress of the USA consist of?

14. What are the main political parties in the USA ?

15. Who is the US President now?

4. Поясніть наступні слова та словосполучення, пов’язані з сша.

Disneyland, the White House, the Statue of Liberty, “The Pencil”, Congress, Harlem, Hollywood, the Empire State Building.

ІІ. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.

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Brief history of psychology

Initial history of psychology can be traced to the ancient Greeks. During the 1600's, the famous French philosopher, Rene Descartes, introduced the concept of dualism, which stressed on the fact the body and the mind were basically two separate entities that interacted together.

During the mid-19th century, Wilhelm Wundt, a German physiologist studied human consciousness and internal mental processes.

Edward B. Titchener became one of the founders of psychology's very first school of thought. According to structuralism, the human consciousness can be broken down into small parts.

William James was the Father of American Psychology and functionalism. Functionalism focused on how the human behavior works towards helping people comfortably in their respective environment.

Sigmund Freud, the famous Austrian physician changed the whole face of psychology in such a dramatic way by stressing on the importance of the unconscious mind. According to him, psychological disorders are basically the result of unconscious conflicts that take place within us.

During the 20th century behaviorism became dominant. Behaviorism rejected emphasis on the conscious as well as the unconscious mind. Instead it strove to make the discipline a more scientific one by stressing on observable behavior.

A new school of thought, known to us as humanistic psychology emerged during the latter half of the 20th century. This theoretical concept lays emphasis on conscious experiences.

Recent psychological research focuses on many aspects of the human behavior and experience, right from impact of cultural and social factors to biological influences on human behavior.