Teenage Groups and Movements

A lot of teenagers join different groups and movements nowadays. Why? Perhaps it is the lack of any other way to express what attracts young people to different subcultures. May be they protest against their parents or rebel against the oldergeneration. In my opinion, the main reason of joining the group is the ability to show your solidarity with like-minded friends. There are a lot of different subcultures, so young people can find a group or a movement that will suit their interests.

A subculture is any group with a distinct style and identity. Different subcultures have their own beliefs, values, fashion and favourite music. For example, hippies of the 1970s wore unusual clothes and had long hair. Hippies believed in peace, and one of their favourite sayings was "Make love, not war". Today hippies are more socially active. They set up environmental groups and join charity projects.

Yet, not all groups are peaceful. Some of them are rather rebellious. Sadly, some of them are prepared to physically hurt people in an attempt to get their message across. For example, punks are opposed to the values, norms and materialism in the society. They express this in loud and violent music, strange clothing and hair of unusual colours.

The ideal subculture for me is Goths. They see the world as a dark place and like it that way. I completely agree with them because our life is very difficult. Goths make a statement with their fashion as well as with their philosophy. With startling white make-up, black or purple hair, black lipstick and fingernails, these people certainly stand out in the crowd. I also like black colours, so I think it is an ideal subculture for me.

I would like to join some group of Goths because I approve their lifestyle. Of course, when I join the group, I will have to obey certain rules, but on the other hand, belonging to a group will help me to express my individuality.

Some people think that all subcultures are awful. We must admit that many of teenage subcultures are associated with drugs and violence. But subcultures are not as bad as they are thought to be. Teens want to show off. But at the same time a lot of teens think about changing the world to the best. A subculture is a way of life; it is a real life for us.

Questions

1. What teenage group and movements do you know?

2. Why did different subcultures appear?

3. What is a subculture?

4. Why do people join different groups and movements?

5. Does belonging to a group help to express one's individuality or not?

6. What is easier: to join a group or to leave it?

7. Do you become different or stay the same when you join a group?

8. Are all groups peaceful?

9. Would you like to belong to a teenage group? Why?

10. What is your ideal subculture? Why?

І. Граматичний матеріал. Тема: Числівники. Кількісні та порядкові числівники.

Числівник – частина мови, що позначає кількість предметів (кількісні числівники), а також порядок предметів при лічбі (порядкові числівники).

Кількісні числівники.

0 – zero, o [ou], naught, 1 – one, 2 – two, 3 – three, 4 – four, 5 –five, 6 – six, 7 – seven, 8 – eight, 9 – nine, 10 – ten, 11 – eleven, 12 –twelve, 13 – thirteen, 14 – fourteen, 15 – fifteen, 16 – sixteen, 17 –seventeen, 18 – eighteen, 19 – nineteen, 20 – twenty, 30 – thirty, 40 – forty, 50 – fifty, 60 – sixty, 70 – seventy, 80 – eighty, 90 –ninety, 100 – a / one hundred, 200 – two hundred, 300 – three hundred, …  1,000 – a / one thousand; 8,000 – eight thousand; 200,000 – two hundred thousand; … 1,000,000 – a / one million; 6,000,000 – six million;

121 – one hundred and twenty one (books);

7,006 – seven thousand and six.

Порядкові числівники.

first – перший, second – другий, third – третій, далі порядкові числівники утворюються від кількісних шляхом додавання суфікса – th. fourth – четвертий, fifth – п’ятий, sixth – шостий, seventh – сьомий, eighth – восьмий, ninth – дев’ятий, tenth – десятий.

Закінчення -у при утворенні порядкового числівника від кількісного змінюється на – i та додається суфікс – eth.

twenty – twentieth – двадцятий forty – fortieth – сороковий

Дроби.

1 / 2 – a half, 1 / 3 – a / one third, ? – three quarters, 2 / 9 – two ninths,

0.25 – zero / nought point two five, 2.456 – two point four five six, 7.089 – seven point o [ou] eight nine, 7 – point seven.

Вправа 1. Запишіть словами кількісні числівники та утворіть від них порядкові числівники.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, 14, 15, 21, 25, 28, 30, 52, 48, 67, 74, 83, 99, 100

Вправа 2. Запишіть числівники словами.

245, 533, 816, 3562, 7324

Вправа 3. Вимовте назви років.

1345, 1567, 1799, 1823, 1945, 2000, 2002

Вправа 4. Правильно вимовте дати.

Зверніть увагу: Lomonosov was born on November 19, 1711.

Дата читається: November nineteen seventeen eleven або on the nineteenth of November.

She was born on April 21, 1978

He was born on May 2, 1999.

They left for Moscow on June 17, 2000.

We returned home on August 12, 2001.

They saw her last on December 31, 1997.

She sent him the letter on September 8, 2001.

Вправа 5. Прочитайте дроби:

1/2, 1/4, 1/7, 2/5, 7/9, 6/8, 0.25; 0.41; 2.38; 5.76; 37.59; 248.92.