The Origin of Law

So where does law come from? In America, the law system came from Great Britain. The settlers of the original thirteen colonies came from Europe, and they brought with them their own set of rules and principles to be used in their new society.

The English common law was the system of law in England at that time and was quickly adopted throughout the colonies. The English common law is rooted in centuries of English history. Much of the common law was formed in the years between the Norman Conquest of England in the early 11th century and the settlement of the American colonies in the early 17th century. The English common law is based on a cultural system of settling disputes through local customs . The early tribes of England each held their own set of customs, but this system became increasingly formalized as those early tribal peoples came together and organized. These ancient customs are the basic principles that eventually became part of the American system of justice.

Under English common law, disputes between two parties were handled on a case-by-case basis. However, the decision-maker did not act without guidance. The decision-maker was required to look to similar, previously decided cases and use those established guidelines and traditions. The customs of England were built upon and expanded for centuries, all through court decisions. By carrying forward and preserving these customs, the courts assured that the law was truly 'common' to all.

VІ. Виконання післятекстових вправ.

2. Складіть анотацію до тексту, користуючись планом.

3. Складіть до тексту словник фахових термінів за схемою: термін (англійською мовою), транскрипція, переклад терміну українською мовою. Обсяг словника – не менше 10 слів.

Список літератури:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ / Т.В. Барановська. – К.: ВП Логос-М, 2008. – 384 с.

2. Верба Л.Г. Граматика сучасної англійської мови/ Л.Г. Верба, Г.В. Верба. – К : ТОВ Логос-М, 2007. – 352 с.

Практичне заняття №2

Тема заняття: Я – студент факультету історії, психології та соціології.

План заняття

І. Робота з текстом. Розповідь про факультет, де навчається студент.

1. Прочитайте, перекладіть текст, заповнюючи пропуски. Підготуйте розповідь та вивчіть її напам’ять.

My name is ________. I am a student now. I’m a first-year student of the day-time department. I’ve entered Kherson State University after finishing a secondary school. You know, that was my dream to enter this University. I worked hard to pass my examinations well. And now I’ve become a happy member of the great, young family of students.

I am a student of the ______________ faculty. Our faculty is one of the largest faculties in the University. We study a lot of different subjects: _____________________________ and many others. Besides these subjects we study ________________________________________ and English. We study English to be able to communicate with people on different competitions.

Students are acquainted with all branches of ____________________________. They are lectured in various subjects.

During the first two years we attend lectures on various subjects. In the third year more narrow specialization begins. We have several specialized courses and addi­tional practical and research work in the subject we have chosen as our future specialty. Besides attending lectures we may join some scientific circle and choose a problem to work on according to our bents. All of us know that ________________ is the science of glorious past and great future. We do our best to acquire as much knowledge as possible.

Graduates of our faculty are assigned to work as ______________________________________ and others.

ІІ. Робота з граматичним матеріалом: Числівники, кількісні та порядкові числівники.

Числівники
Кількісні СКІЛЬКИ???
Прості	Похідні	Складені
оnе - 1 two – 2 three - 3 four – 4 five – 5 six - 6 seven - 7 eight - 8 ninе - 9 ten – 10 eleven - 11 twelve – 12 hundred ['hndrd] - 100 thousand['θauz(ə)nd] - 1000 million ['miljn] - миллион billion ['biljn] - миллиард, биллион.	thirteen [θɜː'tiːn] - 13 fourteen [ˌfɔː'tiːn] - 14 fifteen [,fifti:n] - 15 sixteen [,siks'ti:n] - 16 seventeen [,sevn'ti:n] - 17 eighteen [,ei'ti:n] - 18 nineteen [,nаin'ti:n] - 19 twenty ['twenti] - 20 thirty ['θɜːtɪ] - 30 forty ['fɔːtɪ] - 40 fifty ['fifti] - 50 sixty ['siksti] - 60 seventy ['sevnti] - 70 eighty ['eiti] - 80 ninety ['nainti] - 90	21 twenty-one ['twentI'wAn] 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five 235 two hundred and thirty-five 4007 four thousand and seven 581 462 five hundred and eighty-one thousand four hundred and sixty-two

ПОРЯДКОВІ КОТРИЙ???
Завжди вживаються з артиклем THE
1st first 2nd second 3rd third 4th fourth 5th fifth 6th sixth 7th seventh 8th eighth 9th ninth 10th tenth 11th eleventh 12th twelfth 13th thirteenth 14th fourteenth 15th fifteenth 16th sixteenth 17th seventeenth 18th eighteenth 19th nineteenth 20th twentieth 21st twenty-first 22nd twenty-second	23rd twenty-third 24th twenty-fourth 25th twenty-fifth 30th thirtieth 31st thirty-first 32nd thirty-second 40th fortieth 50th fiftieth 60th sixtieth 70th seventieth 80th eightieth 90th ninetieth 100th hundredth 101st hundred and first 116th hundred and sixteenth 125th hundred and twenty-fifth 200th two hundredth 500th five hundredth 1,000th thousandth 1,001st thousand and first 1,256th thousand two hundred and fifty-sixth 2,000th two thousandth

ІII. Виконання граматичних вправ.

1. Запишіть наступні кількісні числівники:

3; 13; 30; 4; 14; 40; 5; 15; 21; 82; 33;55 ;96; 143; 258; 414; 331; 972; 201; 101; 1582; 7111; 3013; 5612; 9444; 15500; 57837; 45971; 92017; 11443.

2. Утворіть та запишіть наступні порядкові числівники:

7; 4; 9; 8; 5; 12; 3; 13; 15; 11; 10; 20; 31; 32; 50; 75; 80; 98; 100; 120; 300; 450; 563; 892.

РОКИ 1812 — eighteen twelve 1939 — nineteen thirty-nine 2000 — two thousand, the year two thousand 2005 — two thousand and five, two thousand oh five 2010 — two thousand and ten, two thousand ten 2011 — two thousand and eleven, two thousand eleven I bought my first car back in nineteen ninety-nine — Я купив своє перше авто в 1999 р.

ДЕСЯТИЛІТТЯ (Decades) 80-е — the eighties 90-е — the nineties 2000-е (нулевые) — the two thousands"в середине девяностых – in the mid-nineties. The seventies will be remembered for the rise of disco music — Семидесяті запам’ятаються як роки розквіту музики диско.

СТОЛІТТЯ (Centuries) BC (Before Christ) или AD (Anno Domini) XII в. до н. э. — twelfth (12th) century BC V в. н. э. — fifth (5th) century AD XVIII в. — eighteenth (18th) century Перед назвою століття вживають означений артикль the. The world's population more than tripled during the 20th century — Численність населення світу у 20 століття зросла більш ніж утричі. Plural forms: two hundred_ dollars; eight thousand_ miles; five million_ people.

ЧИСЛІ МІСЯЦЯ (Days of the Month) 1.12.1961 – the first of December nineteen sixty-one. On the 2nd of April 2006 – on the second of April two thousand and six. BUT: hundreds of dollars; thousands of miles; millions of people.

3. Запишіть роки:

1345; 1567; 2014; 1780; 956; 1432; 2067; 1666.

4. Запишіть дати:

24^th October 1577, 14^th March 1980, 7^th January 1876, on the 26^th of November 1189, on the 5^th of June 2011, on the 30^th of August.

IV. Робота з текстом за професійним спрямуванням.