Vocabulary exercises

Exercise 1. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

Видимые устройства; система обработки данных; аппаратное обеспечение; набор компьютерных программ; соответствующая документация; эффективная работа; системное программное обеспечение; прикладное программное обеспечение; системный программист; прикладная программа; работающий только в режиме чтения; постоянное запоминающее устройство; последовательность команд; в случае; производительность; электронная цепь; умножать числа; заставить машину выполнять ту же функцию; выполнять сложение.

Exercise 2. Вспомните значение новых слов и попытайтесь перевести словосочетания, употребляемые с этими словами.

Architecture: computer architecture; microprocessor architecture; network architecture; security architecture; system architecture; virtual architecture.

Software: system software; application software; database software; disk software; educational software; game software.

Hardware: computer hardware; display hardware; memory hardware; mouse hardware; network hardware; system hardware; video hardware.

Procedure: control procedure; data-processing procedure; error-correcting procedure; formatting procedure; installation procedure.

Protection: computer protection; data protection; error protection; hardware protection; software protection; security protection; system protection; virus protection.

Exercise 3. Find synonyms.

Verbs: to name, to complete, to calculate, to develop, to keep, to interpret, to communicate, to fulfill, to apply, to translate, to improve, to build, to call, to store, to communicate, to figure out, to perform, to use, to finish, to construct, to connect.

Nouns: speed, aim, storage, information, machine, significance, computation, data, device, rate, calculation, purpose, memory, importance.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1. Переведите словосочетания, содержащие Participle I.

Computers using vacuum tubes (электронная лампа); the machine calculating mathematical problems; the computer keeping instructions in its memory; binary code storing data and instructions; computers performing calculations in milliseconds; vacuum tube controlling electronic signals; students coding their information by using a binary code; devices printing the information.

Exercise II. Переведите предложения, содержащие Participle I.

1. When entering the Internet, I always find a lot of interesting information. 2. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. 3. The mouse provides the cursor control simplifying user's orientation on the display. 4. While operating on the basis of analogy analog computers simulate physical systems. 5. The hardware is the mechanical, magnetic, electronic and electrical devices composing a computer system. 6. While dealing with discrete quantities digital computers count rather than measure. 7. The purpose of processing hardware is to interpret and direct the execution of software instructions. 8. When using a microcomputer you are constantly making choice - to open a file, to close a file, and so on. 9. Keyboard provides inputting numerical and text data. 10. As you know all the computer systems perform the functions of inputting, storing, processing, controlling, and outputting.

Exercise 3. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя лексику текста.

1. Программное обеспечение определяет порядок выполнения операций.

2. Прикладные программы выполняют поставленную вами конкретную задачу.

3.Системные программы предназначены для конкретных устройств компьютерной системы.

4. Когда компьютер впервые включается, одна из системных программ должна быть загружена в его память.

5.Связное программное обеспечение передает данные из памяти одного компьютера в память другого.

Exercise 4. Выберите правильную глагольную форму.

1. We can make the computer do what we want ____(inputted, by inputting, to input) signals _____(turning, turned, without turning) switches on and off.

2. Computers have a means ____(by communicating, of communicating, communicated) with the user.

3. Computers work according to the instructions_____ (given, giving) to it by users.

4. Information____ (gives, given, is given) into the computer in the form of characters.

5. The basic function into the computer ____(is, were, will be) to process information.

6. The data _____ (needing, needed) for _____ (solved, solving) are ____ (keeped, kept, keeping) in the memory.

7. Inputting information into the computer is ______(realized, realizing) by means of the floppy-discs, discs and flash memory cards.

Exercise 5. Проанализируйте неличные формы глагола и правильно переведите предложения.

1. Data are processed in order to become useful information. 2. The term data processing includes the resources applied for processing of information. 3. Resources required for accomplishing the processing of data are called data processing system. 4. Processing is a series of operations converting inputs into outputs. 5. It houses all the computer equipment. 6. Information put into the computer for processing should be coded into ones and zeroes. 8. Processing is operations on data that includes converting them into useful information. 9. The first machines designed to manipulate data were widely used for business data processing. 10. System software is very dependable on the type of application software being used.

Exercise 6. Explain your group-mates the following words and word combinations in English:

Computer; difference between an analog computer and a digital computer; hardware, software, firmware, application software (or simply applications).

Exercise 7. Tell about hardware, software and firmware (10-15 sentences)