Vocabulary exercises

Exercise 1. Find the English equivalents in the text.

Среда устройства ввода-вывода; система обработки информации; внешняя среда; связан с человеком; независим от человека; измерять поток данных; двоичный формат; интерфейс ввода-вывода; устройство считывания штрих-кода; преобразовать в двоичный код; сопоставлять параметры; интерфейс вывода; изменить процесс в обратном направлении; настроить устройство ввода-вывода к внешней среде; основная память; вторичная память; низкоскоростные устройства.

Exercise 2. Define the following word combinations using the vocabulary:

I/O units; human-independent input environment; I/O interfaces; medium-speed devices.

Exercise 3. Remember the meaning of new words and try to translate the following ones.

Environment: application environment; execution environment; hardware environment; interface environment; network environment; processing environment; security environment; software environment; user environment.

Interface: channel interface; common interface; data interface; database interface; display interface; flexible interface; general-purpose interface.

Scanner: bar code scanner; black-and-white scanner; color scanner; desktop scanner; hand scanner; laser scanner; optical scanner; visual scanner.

Terminal: batch terminal; desktop terminal; display terminal; printer terminal; remote terminal; security terminal.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1. Translate the sentences paying attention to the different ways of the infinitive form translation.

1. A printer is an example of a device to produce output in a human-readable format. 2. The high-speed devices to be used as secondary storage are both input and output devices. 3. The progress of electronics to have resulted in the invention of electronic computers was a breakthrough (прорыв) of the second part of the 20th century. 4. Mendeleyev's periodic law to have been accepted as a universal law of nature is of great importance nowadays. 5. When output is available, output interfaces must be designed to reverse the process and to adopt the output to the external environment. 6. The memory stores the instructions and the data to be quickly retrieved on demand by the CPU. 7. Computers to have been designed originally for arithmetic purposes are applicable for great variety of tasks at present. 8. The movie to have been running for over a month this year attracts attention of many spectators. 9. The CPU of a computer to be arranged in a single or very small number of integrated circuits is called a microprocessor.

Exercise 2. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Помните, что выражение «in order to» переводится «для того, чтобы».

1.In order to produce high quality colour, ink-jet printers need special paper. 2. You type an instruction in order to get something done. 3. In order to reduce the size of the picture file, use compression software. 4. Buttons on the mouse are pressed in order to make selections. 5. The monitor should be the largest that you can afford in order to avoid eyestrain. 6. What needs to be done in order to keep the system up-to-date? 7. Sysadmins must understand the behavior of software in order to troubleshoot problems. 8. In order to “publish” a Web page, one does not have to go through a publisher or other media institution. 9. Registers are used for the most frequently needed data items in order to avoid having to access main memory every time data is needed. 10. In order to store larger numbers, several consecutive bytes may be used (typically, two, four or eight)

Exercise 3. Ответьте на вопросы, используя инфинитив.

Model: - What are word-processing packages used for?

-Word-processing packages are widely used to write letters and reports.

1.What is data stored in the computer for? (для того, чтобы выполнять вычисления) 2. What can 3D animation be used for? (для проведения хороших презентаций) 3. What is a counter website used for? (для подсчета количества посетителей сайта) 4. What do you use your modem for? (для соединения с сервером интернет-провайдера) 5. What can an outside company be employed for (для написания программного обеспечения) 6. What can you use your mouse for? (для того, чтобы отметить те статьи, которые вы хотите прочесть) 7. What must the database administrator work closely with the system administrator? (для того, чтобы произвести установку программного обеспечения) 8. What are these options used for? (для выполнения поиска)

Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences and word combinations with the infinitive: