'I was bored with factory work. If I hadn't been bored 1(1), but I'd had enough. Of course, if I'd been married (2), but luckily I wasn't. When I started I found it was hard work. If (3) I would have injured myself. But we were all very careful. If we hadn't been careful, (4). It was nice relaxing in the evenings. We had plenty to do. If we (5) plenty to do, we (6). I usually watched cowboy films, or read. The food was marvellous. I've never eaten so well. If it (7) top-class, of course, (8). You can't do a full day's work if the food's not good. They knew how to look after us. The oil company knew that if (9) we (10). That three-weeks-on three-weeks-off is a good system. If (11) we would have got too tired. Any­way, I'm glad I changed jobs. Life would have been boring if I (12), and I (13) as satisfied as I did when I got into that helicopter. I enjoyed that feeling.'

UNIT 5 COMMUNICATION: FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS

Pleasure and Displeasure

Here are some ways of expressing pleasure or displeasure when you hear something that pleases or displeases you.

A I've won my bet.

We're going out to celebrate tonight. We'll go to a show on Saturday. We'll take a holiday. We'll get married in the spring.

В Pleasure (excited tone)

Good! / That's good.

Great. / That's great.

Marvellous! /That's marvellous.

Terrific! /That's terrific.

That's nice. / That'll be nice.

Really!

How exciting!

How thrilling!

How wonderful!

Fantastic!

A Mother's coming to stay.

She'll stay a couple of months.

She's bringing the dogs.

We'll have to look after her.

We can't have a holiday this year.

В Displeasure (dull, displeased tone)

Oh no! (Oh) really! Mmm. Oh dear! Oh heavens! What a bore!

7 Зак. 2342

— 193 —

Practice

1. Respond with pleasure or displeasure when someone tells you:

he's got a new job;

it's an exciting job;

he's got a new car;

it cost £5000;

he's got a new girlfriend;

she's a journalist;

they're getting married.

2. Learn the dialogue and make substitutions.

Him: I've made up my mind. We're going to Spain for the holi­- days. (Italy /Jamaica)

Her: How exciting! (Marvellous /How thrilling)

Him: I've got a whole fortnight off this year.

Her: A whole fortnight. That s terrific. (That '11 be nice / That's good)

Him: We'll leave in early July.

Her: Good! Are we taking the car? (Great /Marvellous)

Him: The car? Oh no, we're going on a package tour.

Her: Oh no! (Oh really /Mmm.)

Him: And I thought we'd take mother with us.

Her: Oh heavens! Do we have to? (Oh dear / What a bore)

3. Situation.

Ask a friend whether he/she would like to go on a holiday with you. Tell him/her where you would like to go and what you might do there. Some of these things will please your friend; others will not.

GRAMMAR: MODAL VERBS. ADVICE: SHOULD. OUGHT TO. HAD BETTER

Practice

1. You are giving advice to a friend. Use should or shouldn't.

>- Your friend is always coughing because he smokes too much. Advise him to stop smoking. You should stop smoking.

— 194 —

VI. Your friend has a bad toothache. Advise him to go to the dentist. 2. Your friend rides his bicycle at night without lights. You think this is dangerous. Advise him not to do it. 3. Your friend is going to visit Greece. Advise him to learn a few words of Greek before he goes. 4. Your friend has a bad cold. Advise him to stay at home this evening. 5. Your friend eats too many sweets. Advise her not to do it. 6. Your friend works too hard. Advise him not to do it. 7. Your friend misses too many classes. Advise him not to do it.

2. Complete the advice using should or ought to; find the advice for the problems.

>- 'I've lost my credit card.'

' You should report it to the credit card company immediately.' 'You ought to report it to the credit card company immediately.'

Problems Advice

1. 'I've lost my credit card.' I think you/sell it.'

1. T can't wake up in the 'Perhaps you /look for another job.' mornings.'

2. 'I'm bored with my job.' 'Don't you think you/apologize to them?'

2. 'I've got a terrible 'Perhaps you/buy a new alarm clock.' headache.'

3. 'I was very rude to my 'You/report it to the credit card

parents.' company immediately.'

4. 'My car keeps on breaking 'Perhaps you/take some aspirin.'

down.'

5. 'My sister's birthday is 'You/go/to a dentist.'

only a month away.'

3. T have a toothache.' 'I think you/buy a present//beforehand.'

3. Write sentences with should (n't) ..., ought (n't) to ..., should (n't) have ... or ought (n't) to have ....

■ The speed limit is 30 miles an hour but Tom is driving at 50.

He shouldn't be driving so fast./ He oughtn't to be driving so fast.

■When we got to the restaurant there were no free tables. We hadn't

reserved one.

We should have reserved a table./ We ought to have reserved a table.

— 195 —

1. It's very cold. Mr Taylor, who has been ill recently, is walking along the road without a coat. He ... .2. We went for a walk. While we were walking, we got hungry but we hadn't brought anything with us to eat. We said: We ... .3.1 went to Paris. Marcel lives in Paris but I didn't go to see him while I was there. When I saw him later, he said: You .... 4. The notice says that the shop is open every day from 8.30. It is now 9 o'clock but the shop isn't open. 5. The driver in front stopped sudden­ly without warning and I drove into the back of his car. It wasn't my fault. 6. The children normally go to bed at 9 o'clock. It is now 9.30. They are not in bed; they are watching television (two sentences) 7. The accident happened because Tom was driving on the wrong side of the road.

4. Make sentences using should (n't) ... , ought (n't) to..., should (n't) have ... or ought (n't) to have ... and the words in brackets,

>- My car is always dirty. (I / clean /it/ more often)

I should clean it more often. /1 ought to clean it more often.

1. You think your friend works too hard. You tell him/her: (You/not work/so hard.) (You/relax/more.)

2. Your friend overslept this morning and was late for work. His boss said to him: (You/buy/an alarm clock!)

3. Kate didn't feel well yesterday, but she went to work and now she feels really terrible. (She/not go/to work yesterday.) (She/stay/in bed.)

4. Mr Woods walked straight out into the road without looking. He was nearly killed by a bus. (He/not walk/into the road without looking.) (He/ look/first.)

5. Complete the sentences using had better and the verbs in the box.

■ The phone is ringing. I'd better answer it.

park stay hurry answer put out be not leave

1. This knife is very sharp. You ... careful when you use it. 2. Oh no! Look! There's a 'No Parking' sign here. We ... somewhere else. 3. You're not very well. I think you... in bed today. 4. We're late. We .... 5. There's a lot of crime in this area, we ... any doors or windows unlocked. 6. The plane is just going to take off. You ... that cigarette.

6. Translate into English.

1. Вам следовало бы извиниться: вы неправы. 2. Вам не следует так много курить. 3. Ей надо сейчас же пойти к врачу. 4. Вы должны были бы купить подарок матери по случаю дня ее рождения. 5. Тебе не следовало жениться на мне, Дэвид. Это было большой ошибкой. 6. Тебе бы лучше остаться дома. Похоже, будет дождь. 7. Тебе долж­но быть стыдно за такие злые слов. 8. "Когда он возвращается?" "Откуда мне знать?" 9. Моррис сказал, что если это долг, то его сле­дует исполнить. 10. Вам не следовало упоминать об этом в его при­сутствии. 11. Нам бы лучше не говорить об этом Энн. Она рассер­дится. 12. Вам следовало бы поговорить с директором еще раз перед тем, как вы поедете в Лондон. 13. Вам бы лучше пойти и поговорить с ним сейчас же, пока он еще не ушел. 14. Нам бы лучше не говорить об этом Энн. 15. Следует ли ей заняться спортом всерьез? — Думаю, да. 16. Я прошу прощения. Мне не следовало это говорить. 17. Тебе следует купить это платье. Оно тебе идет. 18. Почему вы не пришли вчера? — Вы должны были позвонить мне, если вы были заняты.

TOPIC: CITY. SIGHTSEEING

Listen, read and practise.

A Glimpse of London

London is the capital of Great Britain. It is situated on both sides of the Thames and stretches for nearly 30 miles from east to west and for nearly 30 miles from north to south. London is one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is more than eight million.

London is a very old city. It is more than 20 centuries old. The histo­ry of London goes back to Roman times. Traditionally London is divid­ed into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other.

The heart of London is the City — its commercial and business cen­tre. The Stock Exchange, the Royal Exchange, and the Bank of England are all there. The centre of the country's judicial system — the Old Bailey is also in the City. Few people live in the City, but over a million, come to work here.

— 196 —

— 197 —

Two famous historic buildings are located in the City — the Tower of Lon­don and St Paul's Cathedral. The Tower of London was built in the 11-th century. It was used as a fortress, a royal residence and a prison. Now it is a museum of armour and also the place where Crown Jewels are kept.

A twenty minutes' walk from the Tower will take you to another historic building — St Paul's Cathedral. It was built in the 17th century by the famous architect Sir Christopher Wren. Wellington, Nelson and other great men of England are buried in the Cathedral.

Westminster is the centre of government and justice. Here we can see the Houses of Parliament with the famous clock 'Big Ben' on one of the towers. All government offices are in Whitehall. The official resi­dence of the Queen is Buckingham Palace. The residence of the Prime Minister is at 10 Downing Street.

Opposite the Houses of Parliament stands Westminster Abbey. From Norman times British monarchs have been crowned here and since the 13th century they have been buried here. Many other famous people are also buried in Westminster Abbey including statesmen, musicians and writers.

The West End is the name given to the area of Central London north from The Mall to Oxford Street. It includes Trafalgar Square, the main shopping areas of Oxford Street, Regent Street and Bond Street, and the entertainment centres of Soho, Piccadilly Circus, Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue. Its name is associated with glamour and bright lights.

Trafalgar Square was built early in the last century to commemorate the Battle of Trafalgar. Admiral lord Nelson's statue stands on top of a column in the middle of Trafalgar Square. The square makes a good place for people to meet — coaches pick up parties of visitors, marchers unite for protest meetings, and at Christmas time carol singers gather round a huge Christmas tree which is sent to Britain from Norway every year. Behind Nelson's Column is the National Gallery, an art gallery in which you can find many old masters. Not far from the National Gallery is the British Museum. It contains a priceless collection of different things (ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc.) The British Muse­um is famous for its library — one of the richest in the world.

Most of London's big department stores are in Oxford Street and Regent Street. Piccadilly Circus is the centre of nightlife in the West End. To the north of Piccadilly Circus is Soho, which has been the for­eign quarter of London since the 17th century. Now it has restaurants offering food from a variety of different countries, as well as 'adult' entertainment.

— 198 —

London is famous for its live theatre, and there are over thirty the­atres within a square mile. Naturally there is a great variety of shows to choose from: opera, musicals, drama and so on. If you want to know what is on in London, the best place to look is in a newspaper.

The East End is an industrial district of London. It is especially fa­mous as the centre of the clothing industry. The Port of London is also in the East End.

A. Questions.

1. What is the population of London? 2. What is the City? 3. When was the Tower of London built? What was it used for? 4. When was St Paul's Cathedral built? 5. What famous men are buried in the Cathedral? 6. In what district of London are most of the Government buildings located? 7. What is Big Ben? 8. What famous building stands opposite the Hous­es of Parliament? 9. In whose memory was the monument in the middle of Trafalgar Square set up? 10. What kind of museum is the British Museum? 11. Where are most of London's big department stores locat­ed? 12. In what part of London is the Port located?

B. Speak about London, the capital of Great Britain.

C. Have you ever been to London? Did you go sightseeing? What places of interest did you see? Did you like the city?

D. Practice.

1. Choose the correct item. Retell the text.

After Laura had been living in London (since, before, for) several months, she realised that there were many things she hadn't seen. (Even though, Despite, In spite of) she had plenty of free time, she hadn't even been to (a, the, -). Vatican or the Coliseum, and she wished she (sees, would see, had seen) more. People had told her that the Villa Borghese was worth (see, to see, seeing), so she got up early one Saturday so that she (could spend, spent, will spend) the day there. She considered taking her um­brella in case it (would rain, rained, could rain). The morning was (such, such a, so) lovely though, she decided it probably wouldn't, so she left it behind. When she got there she had her picture taken (with, by, from) a man who told her he (will send, sent, would send) her copies of it (if, when, by) she gave him her address. In fact he kept (ask, to ask, asking) her questions about herself (by the time, if, until) she became suspi-

— 199

US CROSS-CONTINENT TOURS

cious. She knew she (shouldn't, couldn't, mustn't) have given him her address at all, but it was (much, such, too) late. An hour or so later it started to rain so she decided to go home at once. When she got there, she (found, had found, finds) the door open; her house (was burgled, had been burgled, had been stolen). The 'photographer' had told her he would send her the pictures, but he hadn't (said, asked, told) her that he would ring his friends and have them rob her house (while, as soon as, until) she was out. If only she (were, had been, would be) more careful, none of this would have happened.

2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form.

There is an old castle in Norwich which (believe) to (haunt). It (call) North Castle and it (say) that ghosts can (see) there at night. The castle (build) 400 years ago, and (own) by two old ladies who (believe) to be witches. One day, long ago, they both disappeared and they (never/see) again. In 1985 the castle (buy) by a businessman and (convert) into a luxurious hotel. The castle (visit) by quite a few guests every year and special groups (organise) to watch for ghosts. It has been a long time since any ghosts (see), but one night a trick (play) on some visitors by a local couple, who dressed up as the two 'witches'. They (see) by a guest, who said she (frighten) to death. The couple apologised the next day, and (tell) never to visit the castle again, certainly not in the middle of the night dressed up as witches.

3. Fill in 'the' where necessary.

... last summer we went to stay in ... village where my grandmother was born. I had never been there before, so when we arrived at... station I was surprised to see how small it was. As in ... many villages in ... north of... England, all ... houses are built of... same stone. Running through ... village is ... River Tyne. The village has a church which was built in ... Middle Ages. Although ... population is only about 500 peo­ple, this village has... best cricket team in ... county, and many people play .... rugby as well. Apart from ... sport, though, so little happens there that many of... people still remember... time ... Queen visited their village in ... 1955.

operate all year round, and offer you the opportunity of a lifetime to visit five of the greatest US cities, crossing nine states in our 15-day tour.