2_kurs_english

Our mission is to develop innovative leaders in pharmaceutical care and research who enhance the quality of life for the people of Ukraine and all over the world. To meet this target, we offer a wide variety of the professional programmes at undergraduate and postgraduate levels for full time, part time and distance students, doctoral programmes in pharmacy (Pharm.D) as well as MS and PhD programmes in the pharmaceutical sciences. At the postdoctoral level, we offer a number of postgraduate residencies in a wide range of subspecialties of pharmacy practice. We also offer numerous postdoctoral fellowships in the pharmaceutical sciences.

Kharkiv University of pharmacy has a great history in both pharmaceutical and scientific achievement. As early as 1812, on the basis of the pharmaceutical department of the medical faculty of Kharkiv University the first pharmacy laboratory was organised. In 1921 a dedicated department of pharmacy became the first pharmacy Institute in our country to train specialists in pharmacy.

Our university exhibits excellence in teaching and research with cutting – edge facilities giving the pharmacy students the possibility to apply drug knowledge in patient care making a rapid progress in it and increasingly gaining experience throughout the learning programmes.

The University has a great number of multi-purpose teaching laboratories, for the teaching of practical classes on the Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical courses. Specialised laboratories are available for the teaching of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Care, and for using computer aided learning packages. Other laboratories are specifically designed for areas such as pharmaceutical technology, targeting of drugs, chemical synthesis, chemical analysis and other studies.

The University has a tremendous record of research and development activities. Some of the principal areas of research in the University are in Drug Targeting, Quantitative Structure Activity relationships (QSAR), Authentication and Screening of Active Ingredients, Pharmacological Investigations on Actions and Mechanisms of Drug Treatment, Study of Free Radicals, Chemical Synthesis of Pharmacologically Active Compounds and Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy.

The University is constantly developing a close working relationship with the leading chemical-pharmaceutical enterprises, pharmacies and local clinics, making joint appointments to the posts of pharmaceutical and clinical lecture ships.

Being highly recognized for its influential reputation as a most innovative university of pharmacy in the nation and abroad, the National University of Pharmacy in Kharkiv has been serving as a model for other progressive pharmacy schools throughout the country, Europe and round the world.

GOING BEYOND THE TEXT …

DISCUSSION POINT …

Task 1 Who encouraged you to enroll into the National University of Pharmacy in Kharkiv. Who influenced your choice? What are the starting salaries for newly-graduated pharmacists? Are they charming enough to inspire people to become experts in

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this sphere? What really attracted you? Give the convincing grounds.

USE THE PROMPTS:

encourage, be interested in, inspire, influence one’s choice, be an expert in pharmacy, do research work, contribute to …, help people in need, useful profession, devote one’s life to …

Task 2 Discuss the life at the College of Pharmacy (ONU) and compare it with your university life. Say what is similar/different.

UNIT 3

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY CURRICULUM

Task 1 Read the text thoroughly noting important information. Refer to your dictionary, if necessary.

TEXT.

PHARMACY SCHOOL, California, USA

A four-year curriculum, following a minimum of three years of college prepharmacy work, is offered to students admitted to the School of Pharmacy. The completion of this four-year professional curriculum is required to earn the Doctor of Pharmacy degree. The curriculum except for the third and fourth year is a "block" program. All students must enroll in 18 units each semester in courses designated for that Level, fall and spring. Students do not have choices of courses to take nor are they permitted to drop any one course or courses during the semester. (Level III and IV students have elective course choices).

Progress is permitted only when the prior semester is completed in full. Students should view the curriculum outlined below as advisory only and subject to modification. Aggregate hours must equal a minimum of 144 units/hours.

The Curriculum Committee of the School of Pharmacy has developed guidelines and patient care competencies consistent with interpretations of this new role. The pharmacist of tomorrow will provide preventive and therapeutic pharmaceutical care, provide drugs to patients, communicate in health care matters, meet the ethical and legal requirements of the practice of pharmacy and maintain professional expertise.

An appropriate and dynamic educational program is needed to develop these competencies. Curriculum changes are also necessary and desirable in order to meet scientific advances, population profile changes, increasing health expectations, technological advances, the increasing role of the government in health services and other influences. Therefore, progress through the School of Pharmacy instructional programs should be viewed by the student with the expectation of change.

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TOPICAL VOCABULARY

Task 2 Study the essential vocabulary from the text:

UNDERSTANDING DETAILS AND DISCUSSION …

Task 3 Try to guess the meaning of the new words from the text. Then, check them in your dicitionary.

Task 4 Give the definitions of the words from the box or their Russian equivalents. Make up sentences of your own using these words.

SKIMMING FOR INFORMATION AND DISCUSSION …

Task 5 Skim through the text and underline the topic sentences expressing the main idea in each paragraph.

Task 6 Study the School of Pharmacy Curriculum carefully and be ready to discuss it.

SCHOOL OF PHARMACY CURRICULUM

YEAR I

Fall

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YEAR IV

*Acceptable for satisfying the inpatient practice elective requirement. Required Clerkships – 4 Rotations (6 units each): PHRD 701, PHRD 705, PHRD 704 + PHRD 702 or PHRD 707 + one course marked *. Elective Clerkships - 2 rotations (6 units each)

Licensure as an Intern Pharmacist

Students enrolled in the USC School of Pharmacy must obtain an intern licensure with the California State Board of Pharmacy at the beginning of their first year. Applications for intern licensure are available from the Office of the Associate Dean, Academic Affairs, School of Pharmacy.

Intern pharmacists may perform any of the duties of a registered pharmacist while working under the direct and personal supervision of a registered pharmacist.

GOING BEYOND THE TEXT… COMMUNICATE IN ENGLISH … TO PRACTICE REAL SITUATIONS …

Task 7 Compare the School of Pharmacy Curriculum in California, USA with yours. Discuss and convince the others in the class in your opinion, if you like or dislike and why.

Task 8 Share all “pros” and “cons” of the Pharmacy School programes and discuss it with a partner.

Task 9 Make up and work out situations using the topical vocabulary of the text.

Task 10 Keep talking … Study the fall and spring semesters programme (year one) of School of Pharmacy Curriculum and decide … if you have the same subjects. What are the differences? What do you prefer better and why?

Task 11 Look at the 4-year Curriculum and study:

-the courses of a “block” programme for the 1st and 2nd years; the 3rd and 4th years;

-the elective courses.

Discuss the main items of the Curriculum, and give its positive and negative sides.

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UNIT 4

HEALTH CARE IN THE UNITED STATES

Task 1 Scan the text quickly to explain the underlined words and phrases.

TEXT.

HEALTH CARE IN THE UNITED STATES

Health care in the United States is provided by many separate legal entities. The U.S. spends more on health care, both as a proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) and on a per-capita basis, than any other nation in the world. Current estimates put U.S. health care spending at approximately 15% of GDP, - the world's highest.

The health share of GDP is expected to continue its historical upward trend, reaching 19.6 percent of GDP by 2016.

In the United States, around 84% of citizens have health insurance, either through their employer (60%), purchased individually (9%), or provided by government programs (27%). The federal government does not guarantee universal health care to all its citizens, but certain publicly-funded health care programs help provide for the elderly, disabled, children, and the poor, and federal law ensures public access to emergency services regardless of ability to pay.

Americans without health insurance coverage, currently about 16% of the population, or 46 million people, are expected to pay privately for medical services. Health insurance is expensive, and medical bills are overwhelmingly the most common reason for personal bankruptcy in the United States.

American health care is provided by a diverse array of individuals and legal entities. Individuals offer inpatient and outpatient services for commercial, charitable, or governmental entities. The healthcare system is not fully-publicly funded but is a mix of public and private funding. In 2004, private insurance paid for 36% of personal health expenditures, private out-of-pocket payments were 15%, while federal, state, and local governments paid 44%.

Services

"Ambulatory care" refers to health care outside the hospital; most health care in the United States occurs in the outpatient setting. "Home health care services" are generally nursing enterprises, but are usually ordered by physicians. Private sector outpatient medical care is provided by personal primary care physicians (specialists in internal medicine, family medicine, and pediatric medicine), subspecialty physicians (gastroenterologists, cardiologists, or pediatric endocrinologists are examples) or non-physicians (including nurse practitioners and physician assistants). In 1996, concierge medicine emerged, where enhanced care and services are provided by primary care physicians for a retainer fee.

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There are for-profit hospitals, which are usually operated by large private corporations and there are nonprofit hospitals, which may be operated by country governments, state governments, religious orders, or independent nonprofit organizations. Hospitals provide some outpatient care in their emergency rooms and specialty clinics, but primarily they exist to provide inpatient care. Hospital emergency departments and urgent care centers are sources of sporadic problemfocused care. "Surgicenters" are examples of specialty clinics. Hospice services for the terminally ill who are expected to live six months or less are most commonly subsidized by charities and government. Prenatal, family planning, and "dysplasia" clinics are government-funded obstetric and gynecologic specialty clinics respectively, and are usually staffed by nurse practitioners.

Companies provide medical products such as pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The nation spends a substantial amount on medical research, mostly privately-funded.

Insurance payments are a form of cost-sharing and risk management where each individual or their employer pays predictable monthly premiums. This costspreading mechanism often picks up much of the cost of health care, but individuals must often pay up-front a minimum part of the total cost.

Many individuals not covered by private insurance are covered by government insurance programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and various state and local programs for the poor. In 2006, Medicaid provided health care coverage for 49.3 million poor Americans and Medicare provided health care coverage for 43.1 million elderly and disabled Americans.

Uninsured Americans are less likely to have regular health care and use preventive services. They are more likely to delay seeking needed care, resulting in more medical crises and emergency hospitalizations, which are more expensive than ongoing treatment for such conditions as diabetes and high blood pressure. Uninsured patients are twice as likely to visit hospital emergency rooms as those with insurance.

Currently, the price of prescription drugs became a major issue in American politics as the prices of many new drugs increased exponentially, and many citizens discovered that neither the government nor their insurer would cover the cost of such drugs. In absolute currency, the U.S. spends the most on pharmaceuticals per capita in the world.

SCANNING FOR INFORMATION …

Task 2 Scan the text to find the specific information on health care and its services.

GOING BEYONG THE TEXT. PRACTICE AUTHENTIC

SITUATIONS …

Task 3 Construct with a partner an original 10-12 line dialogue about the health care and services in the USA. Use information from the text. Act it out with your classmates in class.

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Task 4 Discuss health insurance in the United States considering all its positive and negative sides.

Prompts:

On the one side, health insurance proves to be quite efficient, because …

On the other side, health insurance fails to solve all the health care problems. Besides, it’s quite a costly thing, and the majority of people can’t afford it.

To sum it up, I believe all its disadvantages are overweighed by its merits.

Task 5 Keep talking … Use the health care words and phrases to construct a short dialogue with your partner giving preferences to some of the items you consider.

GETTING TO KNOW YOU …

1.How did you become a pharmacist?

2.What degree did you earn? What interests you about the profession?

3.Why have you chosen this particular pharmacy school?

4.What got you interested in pharmacy?

5.There're many ways to help people. Why have you chosen pharmacy to accomplish this?

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