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Table 13. Passive Voice

Simple

Continuous

Perfect

Present

Iam

He is invited

We are

Iambeing

He is invited

We are

Ihave been

He has invited

We have

Past

Iwasinvited

We were

Iwasbeing

We were invited

I had been invited

We have been invited

Future

Ishall be invited

He will

-

Ishallhave been

He will invited

Future in the Past

Ishouldbe invited

He would

-

Ishould have been

He would invited

Table 14. The Sequence of Tenses

He says

одновременное действие

he works

is working (работает)

предшествующее действие

he worked

was working (работал)

будущее действие

he will work

will be working (будет работать)

He said

одновременное действие

he worked

is working (работает)

предшествующее действие

he had worked

had been working (работал)

будущее действие

he would work

would be working (будет работать)

Table 15. Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct Speech

Indirect Speech

He said to me, "I shall do it tomorrow".

He told me (that) he would do it the next day.

She asked me, "Have you written the paper?"

She asked me if (whether) I had written the paper (написал ли я )

He asked me, "Where do you live?"

He asked me where I lived (где я живу)

She said to him, "Come at 3 o'clock".

She asked him to come at 3 o'clock.

He said to me, "Don't go there!"

He told me not to go there.

this (these) now

today yesterday

tomorrow ago

here

that (those) then

that day the day before

the next day before

there

Table 16. Substitutes of Nouns and Verbs

Nouns Substitutes

one (s) that (of) those (of)

Translated by nouns

The result of the experiment is much better than that of the previous one.

The results of the experiments are much better than those of the previous ones.

Verbs Substitutes.

To do (did)

Translated by verbs

Do (did) you work? Yes, I do (did).

He works (worked) as well as the chief engineer does (did).