Grammar in Use gerund. Revision.

V + ing

	active	passive
Indefinite	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written

Exercise 1. Transform the following sentences using the gerund or gerundial phrases instead of the infinitives:

Example: The doctor began to work at this clinic 5 years   ago. – The doctor began working at this clinic 5 years   ago.

1. The patient started to recover.

2. They finished to make an immediate operation.

3. The patient began to walk after complete recovery.

4. This surgeon preferred to operate without assistance.

5. I prefer to do everything in time, not to postpone.

6. The students have just began to translate the text without vocabulary.

7. The students stopped to carry on an experiment.

8. The scientists continue to investigate variable functions of hormones.

Verbal Noun Віддієслівний іменник V + ing = reading – читання The reading of books is useful. - Читання книг дуже корисно. Віддієслівний іменник означає предмет або результат якоїсь діяльності, вживається з артиклем та числівником, має множину. У багатьох випадках за віддієслівним іменником може йти прислівник of. Віддієслівний іменник на українську мову перекладається тільки іменником.

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences paying attention to Verbal noun.

1. Proper sterilizing of the wound will prevent the development of inflammation.

2. The scientist is determining the proper functioning of this hormone.

3. Sufficient quantity of calcium contributes to strengthening of bones.

4. Itching of the skin is due to sugar balance impairment in the organism.

5. An appropriate indicating of the dose in the prescription is very important to avoid overdose.

6. The readings of the cardiogram showed that the patient was suffering from cardiac insufficiency.

7. Human beings can’t live without oxygen.

8. Insufficient amount of vitamins and minerals in the body can cause weakening of human immunity.

Exercise 3. Insert some, any, no or their derivatives (something, nothing) into the gaps. Read and translate the sentences:

1. Scientists are working at determining the exact functions of hormones, but haven’t come to ______ final conclusion yet.

2. I was unable to eat _________________ today.

3. He proved that he hasn’t done ______________ wrong.

4. The doctor told Emily that there was ______________ wrong with her health.

5. A doctor prescribed him _______ antipyretic drugs.

6. People should value health more than ______________ in the world.

7. Despite doctors were struggling for patient’s life, ____________ could be done in this case.

8. Do you want to add ________________ on this topic?

Exercise 4. Put verbs from brackets in a proper tense and translate them:

1. The patient (to feel) worse yesterday.

2. The doctor (to discharge) just the patient from the hospital.

3. The lecture (to finish) in 20 minutes.

4. We didn’t see the dean because he (to deliver) a lecture at that time.

5. These drugs (to keep) in a cool dry place away from light.

6. Students (attend) lectures in Therapy next year.

7. The patient with gastric ulcer (to operate) 2 hours ago.

8. The patient already (to buy) some anti-inflammatory drugs at the chemist`s.

Exercise 5. Make questions to underlined words:

1. The patient will be operated as soon as the operating room is sterilized.

2. Overproduction of growth hormones caused such medical condition as gigantism.

3. The blood was dropping from the wound slowly.

4. The surgeon on duty has arrested a profuse abdominal bleeding.

5. Symptoms experienced during hormone imbalance include fatigue, mood swings, weight problems etc.

6. Symptoms vary with the severity of the inflammation.

7. A dangerous or fatal hormone imbalance can occur in those who use anabolic steroids.

8. Sugar level is increasing due to insufficient amount of insulin in the body.