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MICROBIOLOGY МІКРОБІОЛОГІЯ

Text: Microbiology

Grammar: Modal Verbs

PRE-TEXT ASSIGNMENTS:

Exercise 1. Learn the following new words:

microbiology stereoscope unicellular multicellular acellular protozoans yeast algae fungi encompass channel discipline virology mycology parasitology bacteriology biosynthesis Louis Pasteur Robert Koch agar

['maikrəubai 'ɔləʤi] ['sterɪəskəup] [ju:ni 'seljulə] [mʌlti ' seljulə] [ei ' seljulə ] [prəutəu'zəuns] [ji:st] ['ælʤɪ] ['fʌnʤi] [en'kʌmpəs] [tʃ ænəl] ['disəplin] [vaiə'rɔləʤɪ] [mai 'kɔləʤɪ] [pærəsai 'tɔləʤɪ] [bæktiəri 'ɔləʤɪ] [baiəu 'sɪnθesis] ['Lu:is Pæs 'tə:] ['Rɔbət Kəuk] [eigə ]

мікробіологія стереоскоп одноклітинний багатоклітинний безклітинний найпростіші дріжджі; морська водорість гриби охоплювати направляти дисципліна вірусологія мікологія паразитологія бактеріологія біосинтез Луїс Пастер Роберт Кох агар

*agar (a complex gelatinous carbohydrate obtained from seaweeds (морская водоросль) used as a culture medium for bacteria, a laxative, in food such as ice cream as a thickening agent (E406), etc.)

Exercise 2. Read the following paying attention to the rules of reading

[əs] – vigorous, numerous, famous, fibrous, nervous, venous, subcutaneous

[ɑ:] – dance, plant, grant, advantage, branch, advance

[ə] – contain, consists, comprise, concern, control, correct, complete

Exercise 3. Study the suffixes and terminology. Read and translate the following words and give more examples of your own:

• ology: study of– ( histology, morphology, physiology, ecology…

• bio: life and living things– (biology, biophysics, biorhythms, biopsy…

• micro: very small– (microscope, microscopy, microsurgery, microbes...

• physio: nature and living things – ( physician, physics, physiopathology…

Exercise 4. Make Adverbs from Adjectives. Translate them into Ukrainian

Model: slow – slowly (повільний – повільно)

Slow, vigorous, quick, numerous, rapid, nervous, general, subcutaneous, intramuscular, common, sharp.

Exercise 5. Give the Plural of the following Nouns:

Example: analysis – analyses, force – forces.

Diagnosis, process, force, analysis, disease, abscess, science, medicine, prognosis, course, neurosis.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the word combinations into your native language:

microscopic organisms; scientific study; controlling activities; numerous sub-disciplines; disease-causing microorganisms; harmful effects; channeling the activities; to benefit medicine; produce antibiotics; the branches of microbiology; pure and applied sciences; advances made in physics; the practical usefulness; the improvement of health; treatment options; outbreaks of disease; species and their properties, to examine under a stereoscope.

Exercise 7. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to Present Perfect tense (revision).

1. First, microbiology has had the advantage of a large number of new methods of research.

2. Since then, the scientists have identified many disease-causing microorganisms.

3. In addition, they have discovered means of channeling the activities of various microorganisms to benefit medicine, industry, and agriculture.

4. First, microbiology has had the advantage of a large number of new methods of research,

5. The practical usefulness of microorganisms has increased sharply since the 1940’s.

6. Our scientists have developed means of controlling the harmful effects of microorganisms that cause the disease.

Exercise 8: Read and translate the text: