- •Text and discourse as a subject of linguistic study
- •Theory of Text
- •Yuri Mikhailovich Lotman
- •Émile Benveniste
- •Michel Foucault
- •The problem of distinguishing discourse and text
- •Robert-Alain de Beaugrande
- •ROBERT ALAIN de Beaugrande:
- •Text and discourse
- •Text and
- •The seven principles of textuality
- •1. Cohesion is the grammatical and lexical relationship
- •1) Referential devices that
- •REFERENCE
- •Anaphoric reference (Collins
- •Cataphoric reference
- •The way cohesion works
- •2) Ellipsis
- •3) Substitution
- •The three types of substitution
- •4) Lexical cohesion is a linguistic device which helps to create unity of
- •5) Conjunction and transitions
- •Grammatical cohesion
- •2. Coherence of the text
- •In short,
- •Coherence concerns the ways in which concepts and relations, which underlie the surface
- •Causality
- •Enablement
- •Reason
- •Purpose
- •3. Intentionality
- •4. Acceptability
- •5. Informativity concerns the extent to
- •6. Situationality concerns the factors
- •Intertextuality Goldilocks
- •… then Goldilocks did another very bad thing! She ate some porridge from
- •That’s all for now!
3. Intentionality
concerns the text producer’s attitude and intentions as the text producer uses cohesion and coherence to attain a goal specified in a plan.
Without cohesion and coherence, intended goals may not be achieved due to a breakdown of communication.
However, depending on the conditions and situations in which the text is used, the goal may still be attained even when cohesion and coherence are not upheld.
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4. Acceptability
concerns the text receiver’s attitude that the text should constitute useful or relevant details or information such that it is worth accepting.
Text type,
the desirability of goals
the political and sociocultural setting
cohesion and coherence are important in influencing the acceptability of a text.
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5. Informativity concerns the extent to
which the contents of a text are already known or expected as compared to unknown or unexpected.
No matter how expected or predictable content may be, a text will always be informative.
The level of informativity should not exceed a point such that the text becomes too complicated and communication is endangered.
The level of informativity should also not be so low that it results in boredom and the rejection of the text.
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6. Situationality concerns the factors
which make a text relevant to a situation of occurrence.
7. Intertextuality concerns the factors
which make the utilization of one text dependent upon knowledge of one or more previously encountered text. Texts such as parodies, rebuttals
(спростування напр., звинувачення), forums and classes in school, the text producer has to refer to prior texts while the text receivers have to have knowledge of the prior texts for communication to be efficient or even occur.
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Intertextuality Goldilocks
zone
Habitable zones
A habitable zone is the region around a star where orbiting planets similar to the Earth can support liquid water.
It is neither too hot, nor too cold
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… then Goldilocks did another very bad thing! She ate some porridge from father bear’s big bowl. ‘Ooh!’ she said. ‘I don’t like this. It’s hot.’ then Goldilocks ate some porridge from mother’s bowl. ‘Oooh!’ she said. ‘I don’t like this. It’s cold!’ Then she ate some porridge from baby bear’s bowl. ‘Mmm!’ she said. ‘I like this. It’s not hot and it’s not cold. It’s
Goldilocks zone
no
Not too hot,
not too cold, just right
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That’s all for now!
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